Development of the calculating method for cold and hot water supply demands based on the time series analysis of fixture usage

本研究的目的是开发一种新的冷热水供应需求计算方法，例如使用个人计算机计算每日、每小时和即时需求。首先，通过重新审视之前有关用水量和器具使用情况的研究和调查结果，澄清了宿舍、公寓和火车站卫生间的用水量和器具使用情况的实际情况。接下来，我们对其他建筑物，如大学食堂、大学食堂、图书馆等进行了用水量和器具使用情况的调查。餐厅、办公楼，以积累新的基础数据，用于计算模型。特别是，我们不仅可以获得有关用水量的宝贵数据，还可以获得有关大学食堂和餐馆的顾客数量的数据，而这些数据目前还只有很少的基本数据。进一步明确店铺特征与顾客数量之间的关系。根据前人的研究和调查结果，建立了包含每种建筑类型的灯具使用条件的计算模型。此外，应用蒙特卡罗模拟技术，编制了冷热水供应需求的计算程序。对于计算模型，提出了两种类型的模型。公寓、写字楼卫生间、火车站盥洗室的每个固定用途均设置一个模型。另一种模型是单元模型，将每个固定装置的使用情况进行汇总，以适用于具有商业厨房的建筑，例如大学食堂和餐馆。从每个建筑的计算结果来看，通过与测量结果的比较，可以看出估算的需求是合适的，并且计算方法适用于各种类型的建筑。

The purpose of this study is to develop a new calculating method for cold and hot water supply demands, such as daily, hourly, and instantaneous demands by using a personal computer.First of all, it was clarified that the actual conditions of fixture usage in a dormitory, apartments and railway station's lavatories by reexamining the previous results of study and investigation concerned with water consumption and fixture usage.Next, we carried out the investigation of water consumption and fixture usage at the other buildings, such as university cafeterias, restaurants, and office buildings in order to accumulate the new fundamental data which are applied to the calculating model. Especially, we could get valuable data not only on water consumption but also on the number of customers at the university cafeterias and restaurants where only a few fundamental data exists even now. Furthermore, we could clarify the relationship between the store characteristics and the number of customers.The calculating models contained the conditions of fixture usage were set up in each building type based on the previous studies and the results of investigation. In addition, the calculating program for cold and hot water supply demands, applied by the Monte Carlo Simulation technique, was made. As for the calculating models, two types of model were proposed. One model was set up in each fixture usage at flat, office building's restroom and railway station's lavatory. The other model was the unit model as one aggregation summed up the each fixture usage in order to apply to the buildings that have the commercial kitchens, such as university cafeterias, and restaurants.From the results of calculation in each building, it was clarified that the estimated demands were suitable by comparison with the measurement results and the calculating methods were useful for various types of buildings.