Development for DNA vaccination against viral hepatitis recurrence after the liver transplantation using gene gun

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The DNA vaccine represents a novel means of expressing antigens in vivo for the generation of both humoral and cellular immune responses. It has elicited protective immunity in a number of preclinical models of diseases. In the light of efficient DNA vaccination, particle-mediated gene transfer (gene gun) was one of the most immunization methods. Although recent advances in gene therapy have improved a number of recombinant viral vectors, their recombinant viruses may remain restricted from the standpoint of clinical application because of the risk of systemic complications in the transplant recipient. In particular, we demonstrated a preventive potential of DNA vaccine against hepatitis B virus in a rat model of the liver transplantation. Preliminary evidence in this preclinical model suggests that the combination of an immunized partial liver graft with FK506 strongly enhance antibody production against hepatitis B virus surface antigen. Therefore, DNA immunization could provide an effective strategy for introducing protective immune response against infectious diseases in the liver transplantation.