Environment and barrier-free in the elderly home and conserving physical strength of elderly

对老年人的“居住环境不适感”进行了问卷调查。本研究的研究对象为山区或城市居民。这两个地区的大多数受试者在冬季较低的室温下都有不适。我们对位于山区和市区的老年人公寓的客厅进行了为期一个月的夏季和冬季的室温和湿度测量。单身或已婚夫妇住房的房间温度明显低于与子女/家庭一起生活的人的房间温度。比较老年人和大学生在扶手厚度和材料上是否存在差异，发现35 mm的扶手是老年人和大学生最喜欢的扶手。大学生更喜欢木质扶手，尽管木质、塑料和金属…没有显著差异老年人中有更多的扶手。多因素逐步Logistic回归分析显示，握力差与握力差之间存在显著相关性(OR：1.255，95%CI：1.042~1.511)。这项研究的结果表明，在70岁或70岁以上的女性中，握力可能是一个有用的指标，表明人们对跨越障碍动作的认知度较低。我们研究了输入设备与年龄、健康状况以及未来对手机和互联网(IT)的需求等因素之间的关系。触摸屏是高龄、健康状况不佳、未来对信息技术需求较少的老年人最喜欢的输入设备。通过问卷调查和老年人及其家人的常规体能测试，调查了居民对住房设施的不适感、住房改革(无障碍)的影响、生活质量、日常生活能力与居住环境的关系，以及照顾者负担的影响。通过改造房子(使之成为无障碍的)，他们在房子的缝隙中少了一些不适。然而，另一方面，住房内的热环境存在严重的不适，并表明这导致了住房的普遍不适。对参加预防跌倒研讨会的山区老年人进行身体健康水平测量和跌倒风险评估问卷调查。受试者并不经常经历房子里的跌倒，但似乎他们对撞到房子里的障碍物的担忧导致了对日常生活的信心丧失。较少

We conducted the questionnaire survey on "the discomfort of living and housing environment" in the elderly. The subjects in this study were the residents in the mountain or urban areas. It was suggested that most subjects in both areas had discomfort in the low room temperature in winter season. We measured a room temperature and humidity of a living room in the elderly's apartments which were located in the mountains and urban areas, for a period of one month in summer and winter. The room temperatures of a single or a married couple's housings were significantly lower than that of the persons living with their children/families. To examine whether there was a difference in a preferred thiclmess and material of handrails between the elderly and university, students, we found that the size of 35mm was the most preferred handrail for both kinds of subjects. University students preferred the wooden handrail although there were no significant differences between wooden, plastic and metal … More handrails among the elderly. By multiple logistic regression analysis using step-wise method association between discordance and selected variables, a significant relationship between discordance and weak of grip strength was found (OR: 1.255, 95%CI: 1.042-1.511). The results of this study suggest that grip strength may be a useful indicator of poor recognition for an action of stepping over the obstacle in the group aged 70 years or over women. We examined the relationship between the input devices and the factors such as age, health status, and future need of a mobile phone and the Internet (IT). The touch screen was the most preferred input device among the elderly with high age, no good health and less future need of IT. We examined the discomfort of the residents regarding housing utilities, the effects of house reform (to make it barrier free), relation between QOL, ADL and housing environment, and the effects of care burden on caregiver, using a questionnaire survey and conventional physical fitness tests among the elderly and their families. By reforming the house (to be barrier free), they had less discomfort in a gap in their house. On the other hand, however, there was significant discomfort in thermal environment in a housing and it was indicated that it led to the general discomfort in a housing. We measured a physical fitness level and performed a questionnaire concerning the risk assessment for the falls in the elderly living in a mountain area who participated in a seminar for preventing the falls. The subjects did not often experience the falls in their house, but it seems that their worries to hit an obstacle in a house led to the loss of confidence in daily living. Less