Development of the multi-anvil deformation apparatus and rheology of the upper mantle

上地幔多砧变形装置和流变学的发展

基本信息

批准号：
13554013
负责人：
KATSURA Tomoo
金额：
$ 9.09万
依托单位：
OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We developed the engineering to automatically manufacture hard-ceramics parts for high-pressure experiments using automill that was purchased by the present budget. The automill was originally designed to manufacture not hard-ceramics but metal. Therefore, we developed special techniques to manufacture hard-ceramics with high precision and without damaging the machine.We developed technique of high-pressure generation for a multi-anvil apparatus. Using tungsten carbide and sintered diamond anvils, respectively, we successfully generated 34 and 63 GPa.We tried to conduct deformation experiments in a cubic-anvil apparatus in which a hole was made in one anvil and micropiston was applied to deform the sample through the hole. First, because an anvil with a hole has very low strength, we optimize the anvil shape to survive at 4 GPa. In a trial experiment, we adoped A12O3 rod as a dummy sample, and tried to estimate the deviatoric stress on the dummy sample by subtracting the load applied to the micropiston before and after touching the sample. However, we were not able to observe any clear change of applied load to the micropiston, even though we tried many kinds of sample environments.We obtained the following experimental results on rheology of the mantle minerals. 1) The temperature derivatives of bulk and shear moduli of Mg_2SiO_4 wadsleyite are -0.0175(3) and -0.0159(1) GPa/K, respectively. 2) The temperature derivatives of bulk and shear moduli of Mg_2SiO_4 ringwoodite are -0.0193(9) and -0.0148(3) GPa/K, respectively. 3) The temperature derivatives of bulk and shear moduli of MgSiO_3 perovskite are -0.029(2) and -0.024(1) GPa/K, respectively. 4) Thermal expansion coefficient Mg_2SiO_4 ringwoodite in the lower part of the mantle transition zone is 2.6×10^<-5>/K. 5) Thermal expansion coefficient Mg_2SiO_4 ringwoodite in the lower part of the mantle transition zone is 3.2×10^<-5>/K.

我们开发了工程学，以使用本预算购买的汽车自动制造高压实验的硬陶瓷零件。该汽车最初是为了生产硬陶瓷而是金属而设计的。因此，我们开发了一种特殊的技术来制造具有高精度的硬陶瓷，而不会损坏机器。我们开发了用于多隔离设备的高压生成技术。我们分别使用碳化钨和烧结的钻石砧座，我们成功地生成了34和63 GPA。我们试图在一个立方 - 洋轮腔中进行变形实验，其中在一个砧座中制成一个孔，并在一个小动脉中进行了一个孔以通过孔将样品变形。首先，由于具有孔的铁砧的强度很低，因此我们优化了砧形，以在4 GPA下生存。在试验实验中，我们采用了A12O3杆作为虚拟样品，并试图通过在接触样品之前和之后减去施加到Micropiston的载荷来估计虚拟样品的偏斜应力。但是，即使我们尝试了许多样本环境，我们也无法观察到对Micropiston的任何明显变化。 1）MG_2SIO_4 Wadsleyite的散装和剪切模量的温度衍生物分别为-0.0175（3）和-0.0159（1）GPA/K。 2）MG_2SIO_4 RINGWOODITE的大量和剪切模量的温度衍生物分别为-0.0193（9）和-0.0148（3）GPA/K。 3）MGSIO_3钙钛矿的散装和剪切模量的温度衍生物分别为-0.029（2）和-0.024（1）GPA/K。 4）地幔过渡区下部的热膨胀核心mg_2sio_4 ringwoodite为2.6×10^<-5>/k。 5）在地幔过渡区下部，热膨胀芯Mg_2sio_4 ringwoodite为3.2×10^<-5>/k。