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Development of Gasoline reforming system for automobile using microwave steam plasma

微波蒸汽等离子体车用汽油重整系统的研制

基本信息

批准号：
13558054
负责人：
SEKIGUCHI Hidetoshi
金额：
$ 6.53万
依托单位：
Tokyo Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13558054/
关键词：
microwave plasma steam reforming hydrogen hydrocarbon miniaturization ヘキサンシステム計算

项目摘要

Hydrogen production by gasoline reforming has been studied with microwave steam plasma under atmospheric pressure aiming to the development of hydrogen supply system for fuel cell automobiles. First, we carried out the experiments on the ignition and stability of the steam plasma and found that argon gas was suitable to ignite the plasma, while tangential injection of steam stabilized the plasma. Then the reforming experiments were performed using n-hexane and i-octane as models of gasoline. The optical emission analyses of the plasma confirmed the dissociations of steam and hydrocarbons. The products gases contained carbon monoxide and hydrogen in high concentrations, suggesting that the plasma reforming was succeeded. The evaluation on the reforming process was also carried out using a process simulator with the experimental data. The results indicated that the energy transfer efficiency was too low and modifications of the system including plasma torch were required. In conclusion, the following features of the present method have been confirmed; (1)the miniaturization of the system is feasible considering the size of the plasma system, (2)high stability and durability as well as easy maintenance on the reforming could be attained due to unnecessity of catalysts, (3 fast response and start-up can be achieved because reforming reactions take place immediately in the plasma, (4)various carbonous materials can be used, (5)High concentration of hydrogen can be provided and efficient production of hydrogen per unit of materials can be achieved.

为开发燃料电池汽车用氢气供应系统，对常压下微波蒸汽等离子体汽油重整制氢进行了研究。首先，对水蒸气等离子体的点火稳定性进行了实验研究，发现适合于用Ar气体点燃等离子体，而切向喷射水蒸气则稳定了等离子体。然后以正己烷和正辛烷为汽油模型进行了重整实验。等离子体的光发射分析证实了水蒸气和碳氢化合物的解离。产物气中含有高浓度的一氧化碳和氢气，表明等离子体重整是成功的。利用实验数据，利用流程模拟器对重整工艺进行了评价。结果表明，能量传递效率太低，需要对包括等离子体炬在内的系统进行改造。总而言之，本方法具有以下特点：(1)考虑到等离子体系统的规模，系统小型化是可行的；(2)由于不需要催化剂，重整过程具有高的稳定性和耐久性，并且易于维护；(3)由于重整反应在等离子体中立即发生，因此可以实现快速的响应和启动；(4)可以使用各种碳质材料；(5)可以提供高浓度的氢气，并且可以实现单位原料的高效制氢。