Distribution in Agricultural Produce : An Evolutionary and Comparative Institutional Analysis.

今年，中欧对波兰、捷克的考察工作正式启动。此外，在葡萄牙里斯本举行的世界批发市场联盟（WUWM）会议上收集了必要的资料。在波兰，来自西欧的连锁超市与国内种植者之间的关系的未来前景尚不明朗。波斯南批发市场曾试图向连锁超市供应新鲜农产品，但没有成功，一些大型个体种植者直接向连锁超市供应农产品。波兰政府在政治上追求生鲜批发市场的发展，但这并不符合批发市场用户的需要。在有批发市场法的日本，让买卖双方使用新的批发市场要比在没有批发市场法的波兰容易得多。波兰政府必须表明，发达的批发市场是有效的，但它还没有成功，旧的市场仍然被利用。在捷克共和国布拉格，1989年为小批发商设立了一个批发市场，目前仍在使用中。然而，这个市场的一些批发商的业务已经足够扩大，他们不再依赖批发市场，而是建立了自己的配送中心，成为外部批发商。“欧洲批发市场良好规范指南（GPG）”的规划现在被WUWM作为他们的项目。这是由于认识到所有与食品相关的企业和公司都必须有责任确保食品安全，并且在良好农业规范（GAP）的背景下，必须应用相同的标准。该项目将于2004年5月完成。

This year, the investigation on Poland and Czech Republic in Central Europe was put into operation. In addition to that, necessary information was collected in the conference of World Union of Wholesale Markets (WUWM) held in Lisbon, Portugal.In Poland, the future view of the relationship between the supermarket chain from western Europe and the domestic grower is not clear. The wholesale market of Posnan tried to supply fresh produce to supermarket chain, however, that is not successful, and some large individual growers are directly supplying their produce to supermarket chain. Polish government pursued the development of wholesale market of fresh produce politically, nevertheless, that didn't meet the necessity of the users of wholesale market. It is easier to make buyers and sellers use new wholesale market in Japan with a wholesale market law than to do that m Poland without any wholesale market law. The Polish government must indicate that the developed wholesale market is efficient, but it isn't successful yet and old market is still utilized.In Prague, Czech Republic, a wholesale market for small wholesalers was established in 1989 and it is still under utilization. However, the business of some wholesalers of this market have expanded enough and they became outside wholesalers who don't depend on wholesale market any more and set up their own distribution centers.The planning of "Good Practice Guide for Wholesale Market in Europe (GPG)" is now addressed by WUWM as their project. That was introduced from the recognition that all food-related business and companies must have a responsibility to secure the food safety, and against the backdrop of Good Agricultural Practice (GAP), same standard must be applied. The project will reach the conclusion in May 2004.