Comparative Survey of Homeless and Squatters' Problems in the Metropolitan Regions in Japan, china, and Korea

通过对台北、香港和首尔(以及大阪、东京和福冈)的三年调查，我们可以掌握每个城市无家可归者的现状，并检查无家可归者的自力更生制度。在每个城市，我们的团队都对关键人物、关键组织和协会进行了访谈调查，其中包括市政府工作人员。海量的采访数据告诉我们，近五年来，每个城市都不约而同地制定了流浪人员帮扶活动的总体方案。我们发现，这些计划通常包括为无家可归者进行的自力更生培训活动，首先是欢迎外展探访、提供临时住所(如庇护所、短期市区宿舍)、以低收入津贴支持社会福利、为伤残人士提供辅导，以及在计划的最后阶段为独自入住私人楼宇的单身人士提供跟进援助。这个针对无家可归者的自力更生系统由有基督教背景的非政府组织管理，并通过与有关政府部门的密切联系成功地维持了这一系统。从2000年开始，日本政府首先推出了对无家可归者的特殊待遇。这一比较调查应有助于检查现行政策，并准备在这一试验和挑战中提出更好的方向。

Through the three years' survey on Taipei, Hong Kong and Seoul (as well as Osaka, Tokyo and Fukuoka), we could grasp the present conditions of homeless people in each cities, and check the self-reliance system for homeless people. In each city, our team conducted interview surveys to the key figures, key organizations and associations, including city government staffs. The huge volumes of interview data tells us that each city has, in recent five years, coincidentally established the total schemes of the homeless peoples' helping activities. We found that these schemes are commonly consisted by the self-reliance training exercises for the homeless people which start with the welcoming the outreaching visit, serving temporary accommodation like shelter, short-term urban hostels, social welfare support by low income subsidy, counseling for handicapped people, follow-up assistance for the singleton who are rehoused alone in private flat in the final stage of this scheme. This self-reliance system for homeless people is ran by NGOs with the Christian background and it is successfully maintained by a close contact with the government departments which is concerned. From 2000, Japanese government at first launched the special treatment to the homeless people. This comparative survey should shed the light on checking the present policy and be ready to suggest the better orientation in this trail and challenge.