Origin and evolution of organisms distributing isolatedly in Australia

澳大利亚孤立分布的生物的起源和进化

• 批准号: 14405006
• 负责人: ISAGI Yuji
• 金额: $ 4.54万
• 依托单位: Hiroshima University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14405006/
• 关键词: speciation; Australia; adaptive radiation; isolated distribution; phylogeny; evolution; 系統地理; Livistona; Amitermes; バンテン; 国際研究者交流; ヤシ科; ビロウ属

Flora and fauna of Australia had been affected by several kinds of events, such as the long continued (>10,000,000 years) isolation from other continents, acidification of the climate in the last several million years, arrival of aborigine people and accompanying changes in fire regime for 50,000 years and plantation of Western people in last 200 years. In the present research project, we analyzed the effects of these events on the evolution and existence of organisms distributing isolatedly in Australia by using a variety of molecular markers. We collected all taxa of genus Livistona in Australia, and made a phylogenetic analysis. It was inferred that all of Australian Livistona species were monophyletic, and rapid speciation and radiation to the various environment occurred when the ancestry of Livistona species arrived in Australia. The relationship between genetic and geographic distances of Australian termite Amitermes laurensis was inferred to be affected by not only the present geographic conditions but also the past conditions in the era of the glacial period. An endangered mammal species, banteng, was recently introduced to Australia and the population had been developed as large as 5,000. We found the population was pure and not hybridized or introgressed with domestic cattle. A proposal to exploit parts of Australian continent as sanctuaries of endangered organisms of the world was made.

澳大利亚的动植物受到了几种事件的影响，例如与其他大陆的长期隔离（大约1000万年），过去几百万年的气候酸化，土著人的到来和伴随的5万年的火灾制度的变化，以及最近200年西方人的种植。在本研究项目中，我们利用多种分子标记分析了这些事件对澳大利亚孤立分布的生物进化和生存的影响。收集了澳大利亚Livistona属的所有分类群，并进行了系统发育分析。推测澳大利亚所有的狐獴属都是单系的，当狐獴属的祖先到达澳大利亚时，迅速形成了物种并对各种环境产生了辐射。澳洲白蚁（Amitermes laurensis）的遗传距离与地理距离的关系不仅受到当前地理条件的影响，还受到过去冰期条件的影响。一种濒临灭绝的哺乳动物，班腾，最近被引入澳大利亚，种群已经发展到5000只。我们发现这个群体是纯种的，没有与家牛杂交或渐渗。有人提议把澳大利亚大陆部分地区开发为世界濒危生物保护区。

项目成果

Effects of fire and drought in a tropical eucalypt savanna colonized by rain forest

• DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2699.2003.00934.x
• 发表时间: 2003-09-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Fensham, RJ;Fairfax, RJ;Bowman, DMJS
• 通讯作者: Bowman, DMJS

Bamboo, fire and flood : regeneration of Rambusa arnhemica after mass-flowering and die-off at contrasting sites in monsoonal Australia.

竹子、火灾和洪水：澳大利亚季风地区不同地点大量开花和死亡后兰布萨的再生。

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: Australian Journal of Botany 51
• 作者: Franklin;D.C.
• 通讯作者: D.C.

The uncertain blitzkrieg of Pleistocene megafuna.

更新世巨型船的不确定的闪电战。

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Journal of Blogeography 31
• 作者: Brook;B.W.
• 通讯作者: B.W.

The uncertain blitzkrieg of Pleistocene megaluna.

更新世巨蜥的不确定闪电战。

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Journal of Biogeography 31
• 作者: Brook;B.W.
• 通讯作者: B.W.

Bamboo, fire and flood : regeneration of Bambusa arnhemica after mass-flowering and die-off at contrasting sites in monsoonal Australia.

竹子、火灾和洪水：澳大利亚季风地区不同地点大量开花和死亡后竹子的再生。

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: Australian Journal of Botany 51
• 作者: Franklin;D.C.
• 通讯作者: D.C.