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Development of a dosimetry system for measuring organ doses delivered by medical exposure by diagnostic x-rays

开发剂量测定系统，用于通过诊断 X 射线测量医疗照射所产生的器官剂量

基本信息

批准号：
14580568
负责人：
AOYAMA Tadahiko
金额：
$ 2.69万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14580568/
关键词：
Liagnostic x rays x-ray CT medical exposure organ dose effective dose pin silicon photodiode x-ray sensor anthropomorphic phantom 医療被ばく

项目摘要

Dosimetry system for measuring organ doses of the patients undergoing clinical x-ray examinations was devised by using newly developed photodiode dosimeters installed in an anthropomorphic phantom realizing standard Japanese adult body. The system was constructed using pin silicon photodiode dosimeters, 32 in number, inserted at the positions of tissues or organs assigned in the ICRP's definition of the effective dose within the phantom. Also devised were electronic circuits which converted current signals generated in each dosimeter to the signals proportional to doses deposited by the exposure of x-rays. Development of computer program was performed, which program could read out dosimeter signals to a personal computer through analog-to-digital converters and convert the signals to calibrated dose values for soft tissue to calculate organ and the effective doses. Total system thus constructed was tested for the measurement of organ doses using a CT scanner. The result indicated that organ dose values observed were in good agreement with those measured by other researchers for the same condition as our measurements, indicating the success of the present study. Organ and the effective dose measurements were carried out using our new system in routine chest, abdomen and head examinations, and in heart CT examinations recently came to be used with conventional, single-slice helical and multi-detector row CT scanners currently being used. Organ and the effective dose measurements in other diagnostic x-ray examinations than those of x-ray CT were also carried out for routine imaging protocols in various types of examinations. Using our new system we could obtain a large amount of basic data to explicate the present conditions of patient exposure in diagnostic radiology.

设计了用于测量接受临床X射线检查的患者的器官剂量的剂量测量系统，该系统使用安装在实现标准日本成人身体的拟人体模中的新开发的光电二极管剂量计。该系统使用针硅光电二极管剂量计构建，32个，插入在ICRP定义的体模内有效剂量中指定的组织或器官位置。还设计了电子电路，将每个剂量计中产生的电流信号转换为与X射线暴露所沉积的剂量成比例的信号。编制了计算机程序，通过模数转换器将剂量计信号读出到个人计算机，并将信号转换为软组织的校准剂量值，以计算器官和有效剂量。使用CT扫描仪对由此构建的整个系统进行器官剂量测量测试。结果表明，所观察到的器官剂量值与其他研究人员在与我们测量相同的条件下测量的值吻合良好，表明本研究是成功的。在常规胸部、腹部和头部检查中使用我们的新系统进行器官和有效剂量测量，最近在心脏CT检查中与目前使用的传统单层螺旋和多探测器行CT扫描仪一起使用。在各种类型的检查中，还对常规成像方案进行了X射线CT以外的其他诊断性X射线检查中的器官和有效剂量测量。使用我们的新系统，我们可以获得大量的基础数据，以解释诊断放射学中的患者照射的现状。