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Ecogeography of Japanese beech (Fagus crenata Blume) in the Pacific side of eastern Japan and its conservation

日本东部太平洋沿岸日本山毛榉（Fagus crenata Blume）的生态地理及其保护

基本信息

批准号：
14580604
负责人：
HARA Masatoshi
金额：
$ 1.66万
依托单位：
Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Ecogeography of Japanese beech (Fagus crenata Blume) in the Pacific side of eastern Japan (Yamizo Mts., Abukuma Mts.and Kitakami Mts.) was studied. Database on the distribution of Japanese beech in the area was constructed on the basis of 187 specimens,243 literatures,28 personal communications from researchers and 15 internet homepages. In 69 locations in the area, leaf samples and specimens were collected from 188 beeches. The field research on forest structure and its species composition was carried out in 45 locations. The extensive distribution of Japanese beech in the area was clarified, viewed both from horizontal and longitudinal aspects. The lower limit of longitudinal distribution of beech corresponds to the line where Kira's Warmth Index, WI=90(C・month), Cold Index, CI=-10(C・month), mean temperature of the coldest month, January, +1C, the line also corresponding to the upper limit of evergreen broad-leaved trees such as evergreen oaks. In the inland part of the area, Toriash … More i Mts.and Torinoko Mts., relict distribution of Japanese beech in the warmer area was observed. Japanese beech occurred as a component of mixed forests composed of various deciduous species (another beech, Fagus japonica, deciduous and evergreen Quercus spp., Carpinus spp.etc.) and some conifers (Abies firma and Pious densiflora) in the lower altitudes of the area, but increased its dominance with the increase of the altitudes, and became the most dominant species of the forest in the higher altitudes of the area. The conservation status of natural forests including Japanese beech in the area was summarized, and the effective countermeasures for the conservation of Japanese beech in the area were considered. Pollen analysis was made for samples collected from surface soil under beech forests in the area, and for sediments collected from Hinuma moor located on the southernmost part of the area. Consideration to the conservation of beech forests was also made from the viewpoint of vegetation history of the area. Less

对日本东部太平洋沿岸（谷沟山、阿武隈山、北上山）的日本山毛榉（Fagus crenata Blume）的生态地理进行了研究。根据187个标本、243篇文献、28份研究人员的个人通讯和15个互联网主页，构建了该地区日本山毛榉分布数据库。在该地区 69 个地点，从 188 棵山毛榉中采集了叶子样本和标本。在45个地点进行了森林结构及其物种组成的实地研究。从横向和纵向两个方面阐明了该地区日本山毛榉的广泛分布。山毛榉纵向分布的下限对应基拉温暖指数WI=90（℃·月）、寒冷指数CI=-10（℃·月）、最冷月平均气温1月+1℃的线，该线也对应常绿橡树等常绿阔叶树的上限。在该地区的内陆部分，Toriash山和Torinoko山，在较温暖的地区观察到了日本山毛榉的残余分布。日本山毛榉是该地区低海拔地区由各种落叶树种（另一种山毛榉、水青冈、落叶和常绿栎属、鹅耳枥属等）和一些针叶树种（冷杉和赤花）组成的混交林的组成部分，但随着海拔的升高，其优势地位不断增强，并成为较高海拔地区森林的最主要树种。该地区的海拔高度。总结了该地区日本山毛榉等天然林的保护现状，并探讨了该地区日本山毛榉保护的有效对策。对从该地区山毛榉森林下的表层土壤采集的样本以及从该地区最南端的日沼沼泽采集的沉积物进行了花粉分析。还从该地区植被历史的角度考虑了山毛榉林的保护。较少的