Figurations of Inspiration, Authorization, and Auratization in English Literature

在早期现代英语文学中，这一项目的焦点，神圣化和去神圣化的过程是紧密交织在一起的。它们之间的相互依存关系迄今为止一直被世俗化的主要叙述所掩盖，根据这种叙述，文学越来越多地从宗教权威中获得独立。相比之下，该项目将表明，有一个恒定的，同时双向的影响：神圣的诗歌利用的程序，在世俗诗歌中发展，以获得权威（例如情感的真实表达），而世俗文学追求的授权策略，只能在神圣的概念，从他们派生的背景下理解。因此，诗歌权威既不同于神圣权威，又是神圣权威的一种形式。研究项目的中心问题是：在什么样的方式和在哪些（上下文）的授权文学生产的de/sacralizing（自我）归属发生？在与研究单位的其他项目密切联系，这些文学去/神圣化的过程将通过分析在行为学的角度具体比喻调查。这种观点在实践的文学表现（例如祈祷）和社会实践中变得明显，文学文本融入其中并受到它们的影响（例如通过它们的修辞力量）。虽然权威和授权集中地表明去神圣化/神圣化的过程，但这些过程对于文本产生的相关性可以通过灵感概念被唤起和协商的方式来评估。从灵感的隐喻到灵感作为隐喻的发展不应仅仅等同于去神圣化：隐喻是语言听觉化的一个重要方面，它有助于文学文本的神圣化。该项目的目标将在两个相互关联的领域实现：在早期的现代诗歌和戏剧中，权威的归属和假设是通过神圣化和非神圣化的相互依赖的策略来实现的。在诗歌中，这种情况发生在例如，通过神圣合作的召唤，同时使缪斯女神去神圣化，通过言语行为的模糊性（诗歌和/或祈祷），以及通过赋予语言的神秘品质，这种语言既神圣化，又使诗人能够独立于神圣的经文而获得权威。戏剧是同时概念化的反对神圣的服务，并从（自我）神圣化的过程中获得其权威。这种双重运动可以在寓言戏剧的道德和政治权威（从中世纪晚期的道德剧到斯图亚特王朝的宫廷假面剧）中看到，在舞台上和舞台所表现的魔法和精神力量的模糊的去神圣化/神圣化角色中，以及戏剧中的对话技巧中看到，通过这些技巧，角色不知不觉地成为更高的，神圣秩序的代言人。

In early modern English literature, the focus of this project, processes of sacralization and desacralization are closely intertwined. Their interdependence has hitherto been obscured by a master narrative of secularization, according to which literature increasingly gained independence from religious authority. By contrast, the project will show that there is a constant and simultaneous bi-directional influence: sacred poetry makes use of procedures that were developed in secular poetry in order to gain authority (e.g. the authentic expression of emotion) while secular literature pursues strategies of authorization which can only be understood in the context of the sacred concepts from which they derive. Poetic authority is thus both different from, and a form of, sacred authority. The central question of the research project is: In what manner and in which (con-)texts does the authorization of literary production by de/sacralizing (self-)ascriptions take place? In close connection with the other projects of the research unit, these processes of literary de/sacralization will be investigated by analysing specific figurations in a praxeological perspective. This perspective becomes manifest both in the literary representation of practice (e.g. of prayer) and in the social practise into which literary texts are integrated and which is influenced by them (e.g. by their rhetorical power). While authority and authorization centrally indicate processes of de/sacralization, the relevance of these processes for the production of texts can be assessed by the way in which concepts of inspiration are evoked and negotiated. The development from metaphors of inspiration to inspiration as a metaphor should not be equated with desacralization alone: metaphor is an important aspect of the auratization of language which contributes to the sacralization of literary texts.The aims of the project will be pursued in two interconnected areas: In both early modern poetry and drama, the ascription and assumption of authority are pursued by means of interdependent strategies of sacralization and desacralization. In poetry, this happens e.g. through the invocation of divine cooperation while desacralizing the Muses, through the ambiguity of speech acts (poetry and/as prayer), and through the mystical qualities ascribed to language which is both sacralized and enables the poet to assume authority independent of sacred scripture. Drama is simultaneously conceptualized in opposition to sacred service and derives its authority from processes of (self-)sacralization. This double movement can be seen in the moral and political authority of allegorical theatre (from the late medieval morality play to the Stuart court masque), in the ambiguously de/sacralizing role of magic and spiritual power represented on stage and by the stage, and techniques of dialogue in drama by which the characters become unwitting mouthpieces of a higher, sacred order.