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A new operation for high rate composting by inoculating microorganism with high lipid degradability

接种高脂质降解微生物实现高效率堆肥的新工艺

基本信息

批准号：
15310050
负责人：
NAKASAKI Kiyohiko
金额：
$ 7.04万
依托单位：
Shizuoka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15310050/
关键词：
Compost Waste treatment Lipid degrading microorganism Acceleration of lipid degradation Molecular biology Microorganisms Seed inoculation Growth control 分子生物学的手法菌体接種遺伝子解析

项目摘要

Composting is one of the best methods to recycle organic wastes into farmland ; however, the method has not been widespread yet. The reason for the lack of popularity of composting method is mainly due to a difficulty of stable and rapid decomposition of organic materials in the compost raw material, especially when high concentration of lipids is included. In the present research, we tried to carry out a high rate composting by controlling the composting process so as to accelerate the degradation of lipids by inoculating microorganisms, which possess high degradation activity of the lipids.At first, we obtained a thermophilic bacterium with high degradability of lipids on the agar plate containing trybutyrin, which has been used for screening lipase activity. Then the optimum cultural conditions of the bacterium were investigated, and thus it was found out that the optimum conditions are ; 60 C for the temperature, weak alkaline for the pH, and the bacterium prefers aerobic condition … More . We next tried to investigate effects of inoculation of the newly isolated bacterium on the acceleration of lipids degradation by controlling the composting conditions as the optimum for the bacterium.The bacterium was incorporated into a compost raw material with high concentration of lard, and the compost raw material was put into a laboratory scale automatic composting apparatus, and then the concentration of carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas from the apparatus was quantified. The microflora of composting material was analyzed by molecular biological method, and a change in the concentration of the inoculated bacterium was monitored. It was found out that the other microorganisms than the inoculum indigenous in the compost raw material must be reduced by self-heating before inoculating the lipid degrading microorganisms in order to increase the cell concentration of the microorganism, and the newly developed operation enables to ensure high rate composting of organic material with high concentration of lipids. Less

堆肥是将有机废弃物回收到农田的最佳方法之一，但该方法尚未得到广泛应用。堆肥方法不普及的原因主要是由于堆肥原料中的有机物质难以稳定和快速分解，特别是当包含高浓度的脂质时。本研究通过控制堆肥过程来实现高速率堆肥，以促进具有高油脂降解活性的嗜热微生物对油脂的降解，首先在含丁酸甘油酯的琼脂平板上筛选得到一株油脂降解能力强的嗜热菌，并将其用于脂肪酶活性的筛选。对该菌的最适培养条件进行了研究，结果表明，该菌的最适培养条件为：温度60 ℃，pH值为弱碱性，该菌喜好氧 ...更多信息 .接下来，我们尝试通过控制堆肥条件为该细菌的最佳条件，考察接种新分离的细菌对加速脂质降解的影响。将该细菌掺入含有高浓度猪油的堆肥原料中，并将堆肥原料放入实验室规模的自动堆肥装置中。然后量化来自该装置的废气中的二氧化碳浓度。采用分子生物学方法对堆肥物料的微生物区系进行了分析，并监测了接种菌浓度的变化。已经发现，在堆肥原料中除了固有的接种物之外的其它微生物必须在培养脂质降解微生物之前通过自加热来减少，以增加微生物的细胞浓度，并且新开发的操作能够确保具有高浓度脂质的有机材料的高速率堆肥。少

项目成果

期刊论文数量（8）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Degradation of fats during thermophilic composting of organic wastes

有机废物高温堆肥过程中脂肪的降解

DOI：
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
Waste Management & Research 22・4
影响因子：
0
作者：
S.KOIDE et al.;藤島英勝;K.Nakasaki et al.
通讯作者：
K.Nakasaki et al.

Microbial succession associated with organic matter decomposition during thermophilic composting of organic waste

有机废物高温堆肥过程中与有机物分解相关的微生物演替

DOI：
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
Waste Management & Research 23・1
影响因子：
0
作者：
Watanabe H.;Suzuki A.;Kobayashi M.;Lubahn D.;Handa H.;Iguchi T.;T.HANO et al.;K.Nakasaki et al.
通讯作者：
K.Nakasaki et al.

Degradation of fats during thermophilic composting of organic waste

有机废物高温堆肥过程中脂肪的降解