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Study on mechanism for mechanical strengthening of spider silks by ultraviolet rays as a new material.

新材料蜘蛛丝紫外线机械强化机理研究

基本信息

批准号：
15350137
负责人：
OSAKI Shigeyoshi
金额：
$ 6.02万
依托单位：
Nara Medical University, Faculty of Medicine
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15350137/
关键词：
Spider Silks Ultraviolet rays Mechanical Property Strengthening Mechanism New material Orb-web 力学特性蜘蛛の糸分子量

项目摘要

Recently, many researchers have focused on spider silks as a new material. However, there are no reports on effects of ultraviolet(UV) rays upon the mechanical properties of spider silks. I found that UV rays mechanically strengthened the draglines secreted from Nephila clavata spiders which were active in daytime. That is, the mechanical strength increased shortly after the UV-irradiation, reached a maximum and decreased gradually.Actually, the mechanical strength of draglines increased by ca.50 % for the irradiation of UV-A, by ca.40 % for the irradiation of UV-B and ca.7 % for the irradiation of UV-C, compared with the value before the UV-irradiation. The mechanical strength strongly depends on the molecular weight. It was found by ESR method that UV-irradiation induced radicals. The radicals lead to a decrease in the molecular weight ascribed to the chemical cleavage in protein and also to an increase in the molecular weight ascribed to the cross links between protein molecules. Thus, the maximum in the mechanical strength may come from the two factors of a decrease of mechanical strength ascribed to the chemical cleavage in protein molecules and of an increase of mechanical strength ascribed to the creation of cross links. Finally, the results suggest that UV-irradiation mechanically strengthens the orb-web and lengthens the period of rebuilding the orb-web. As a result, the spider utilizes UV rays effectively as an environmental factor.

近年来，许多研究人员将蜘蛛丝作为一种新材料关注起来。然而，目前还没有关于紫外线对蜘蛛丝机械性能影响的报道。我发现紫外线机械地强化了白天活跃的Nephila clavata蜘蛛分泌的拉丝。也就是说，机械强度在UV照射后不久增加，达到最大值并逐渐下降。实际上，与UV照射之前的值相比，在UV-A照射下，拉铲的机械强度增加了约50%，在UV-B照射下增加了约40%，在UV-C照射下增加了约7%。机械强度很大程度上取决于分子量。通过ESR法发现，紫外线照射会产生自由基。由于蛋白质中的化学裂解，自由基导致分子量降低，并且由于蛋白质分子之间的交联而导致分子量增加。因此，机械强度的最大值可能来自两个因素：归因于蛋白质分子中的化学裂解的机械强度的降低和归因于交联的产生的机械强度的增加。最后，结果表明，紫外线照射机械地强化了球网并延长了重建球网的时间。因此，蜘蛛有效地利用紫外线作为环境因素。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（32）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Evaluation of the resistance of spider silk to ultraviolet Irradiation

蜘蛛丝抗紫外线辐射能力的评价

DOI：
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
Polymer Journal 36
影响因子：
0
作者：
Shigeoshi Osaki;Keizo Yamamoto;Atsushi Kajiwara;Mariko Murata
通讯作者：
Mariko Murata

Why do spiders fall down from their lifeline?

为什么蜘蛛会从生命线上掉下来？

DOI：
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Akihiro Suzuki;Noriaki Mochizuki;日野哲男;平尾一之;Shigeyoshi Osaki
通讯作者：
Shigeyoshi Osaki

K.Ohuchi, S.Osaki et al.: "Orientation and distribution of collagen fibers in the Sagittal plane of the human adult calcaneus"Celluar & Molecular Biology. Vol.49. 425-433 (2003)

K.Ohuchi、S.Osaki 等人：“成人跟骨矢状面胶原纤维的方向和分布”Celluar

DOI：
发表时间：
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
通讯作者：

Orientation and distribution of collagen fibers in the sagittal plane of the human calcaneus

人体跟骨矢状面胶原纤维的取向和分布

DOI：
发表时间：
2003
期刊：
Cellular & Molecular Biology 49
影响因子：
0
作者：
Kazuo Ohuchi;Shigeyoshi Osaki;Setsuko Tohno;Yoshiyuki Tohno;Yoshiaki Takakura
通讯作者：
Yoshiaki Takakura

Physico-chemical Properties of Spider Silk - An Approach to Nanostructure

蜘蛛丝的物理化学性质——纳米结构的一种方法