A Study on the Role of Female Physical Education Teachers in a "Gender-equal Society" : Compared with Female Physical Education Teachers in the Postwar Period

本研究旨在探讨女性体育教师在“两性平等社会”中的角色，并与战后女性体育教师的角色进行比较，以了解女性体育教师在“两性平等社会”中所扮演的角色。战前存在的女体育教师必须教舞蹈和女体育教师人数少的情况没有改变，高中体育教师的平均人数为6.16人，其中女教师1.31人，男教师4.85人。甚至有些女子高中没有女体育老师。除少数私立女子中学外，“女体育由女体育教师教”的理想还没有实现，近年来女体育教师的数量呈下降趋势。高中教师认为女体育教师数量减少的原因包括“家务和照顾孩子”等传统原因以及“性别平等社会”中性别平等课程中的选拔制度造成的原因。增加了“女体育教师教男学生比较困难”、"女学生不一定要学舞蹈“、“女体育应该由女体育教师教”等观念的淡化等原因。“女体育教师的角色由于某种原因发生了变化。男女同校高中体育教师中约有60%的女教师从事男女同校体育教学。男女同校制将女体育教师的职责扩大到男学生。大多数体育教师认为“一个灵活、优美的动作不应该由女体育教师来教”。"

The purpose of this study was to clarify the role of female PE teachers in a "gender-equal society" compared with female physical education teachers in the postwar period.From the investigation to female PE major students, about 20 percent students were not taught by female PE teachers at all at high school days. The situation wherein a female PE teacher has to teach dance and the number of female PE teachers is small, which existed during the prewar days, remains unchanged.The average number of PE teachers at a high school was 6.16 ; 1.31 female and 4.85 male. There were even some girl's high schools that had no female PE teachers. With the exception of a small number of private girl's high schools, the ideal of "female PE should be taught by female PE teachers" has not yet been attained.Recently, the number of female PE teachers are decreasing. The reason why decrease in number of female PE teacher that the high school teachers think about include the conventional reason such as "housework and child care" etc. and the reason caused by the selection system in the sexual equality curriculum in a "gender-equal society. Several reasons added for example "it is difficult for female PE teachers to teaching to male students", dance is not necessarily selected because female students should not necessarily learn dance, the decreasing of the concept of "female PE should be taught by female PE teachers."The role of female PE teachers changed for some reason. About 60% of the female PE teachers in the coeducation high school teaching both of male and female students mainly in the coeducation PE. Coeducation system expanded the female PE teacher's charge to the male students. Majority of PE teachers doesn't think "a flexible, beautiful movement should be taught by female PE teachers."