A HISTORICAL STUDY ON THE TEACHERS' TRAINING SCHOOL OF WOMEN'S PHYSICAL EDUCATION AFTER WORLD WAR II

第二次世界大战后，教师培训制度发生了变化，在旧的制度下，教师只在国立师范学校、国立高等师范学校和其他一些被承认或指定为教师培训学校的私立学校接受培训。这些学校不是男女同校的。1949年开始实行新的教师培训制度，实行教师证书制度。教师培训面向所有大学开放。1949年建立了新体制的大学，1950年成立了专科学校。大学逐渐对女性开放。但是，旧体制的女子职业学校改为女子专科学校或女子大学，每个地州的国立大学都有一个教师培训班。这门课的学生必须得到教师的认证。每个教师培训课程都设有健康和体育教师课程。其他一些大学开设了健康和体育课程。…法律规定的教师培训制度1953年，更多的教师资格证书发生了变化。教师培训系统仅限于公认的大学。这些教师只接受了被公认为教师培训计划的大学和专科学校的培训。1954年，66所大学和专科学校被认定为健康和体育教师培训课程。它们是52所国立大学，2所公立大学，4所私立大学，1所公立专科学校和7所私立专科学校。此后，由于18岁人口的增加和大学入学人数的增加，许多私立大学相继成立。因此，一些开设了健康与体育课程的大学成立了。这些大学的主要目的是培养教师。但近年来，由于少年儿童数量的减少，出现了师资过剩的情况。1988年，全国高校在教师培训项目中开设了体育与健康的非证书课程。无证书课程之所以存在，是因为教师人数过多。日本已经成为一个儿童减少、老年人口增加的社会。较少

Teachers training system had changed after World War II.In old system, teachers were trained only in the national normal schools and national higer normal schools and some other private schools which were recognized or designated as a teachers training school. These schools were not coeducational. The new teacher training system by the law of teacher's certificate had begun in 1949. The teacher training were opened for all universities. The universities of new system were established in 1949 and junior colleges were established in 1950. Universities were gradually opened to women. But, women's professional schools in old system changed to women's junior colleges or women's universities.National university of each prefecture had one teacher training course. The students of this course had to get teacher's certification. There were health and P.E.teachers courses in each teacher training course. And some other universities had health and P.E.courses.The teacher training system by the law … More of teacher's certification had changed in 1953. The teacher training system were slightly limitted to recognized universities. The teachers were trained only universities and junior colleges which were recognized as a teacher training program. In 1954, 66 universities and junior colleges were recognized as a health and P.E teacher training course. They were 52 national universities, 2 public universites, 4 private universities, 1 public junior college and 7 private junior colleges. After that, many private universities had established because of increasing of 18 year age population and increasing of entering universities population. So, some universities which had health and P.E.course established. Those universities' main aim were teachers' training. But recently the number of children decreased so situations of overstaff of teachers occured.In 1988, non-certificate course of sport and health in teachers training programs of national universities were set up. The reason why the coming into existence of non-certificate course was overstaffing of teachers. Japan had become a society of fewer children and increasing aged people. Less