Techniques in the Manufacture of Colored Pottery in the Jomon Culture

在这次研究中，我检查了北海道绳文文化的彩陶，发现了由于其生产过程而产生的各种技术问题。主要结果是：1.朱砂的使用集中在绳文晚期中晚期; 2.氧化铁红在绳文中晚期至上绳文各时期普遍使用; 3.确认了三件氧化铁红器物的“筒”状结构。每一个样品都是绳纹时代后期的早期和晚期，以及北海道上绳纹文化时期的文化。4.红色薄膜的厚度在最薄的样品中约为10-15 μ m。另一方面，某些凹层的厚度达到了氧化铁红的800 μ m左右。5.在着色材料的分层中发现的技术的使用，例如，有三个使用两层应用的凹下沉区域的例子。在任何一种情况下，它们都超过了光滑部分上的层厚度。有一些使用红色氧化铁和最后一层朱砂的底涂层的例子，而其他例子使用红色氧化铁和朱砂的混合物作为底涂层和最后一层涂层。另一方面，光滑的部分只涂了一层。6.最后，从只涂红色的物体上，我们做了一个红色材料的试算。结果，使用的氧化铁红的总体积为1.94cc，重量约为3.5克。

During this research I examined colored pottery of the Jomon Culture in Hokkaido and found various technical problems due to their production process. The important results are :1.The use cinnabar is concentrated during the time period from the middle to the end part of the late Jomon Period.2.Red iron oxide was used universally in each stage of the Jomon Period from the middle, the late and the last stage to the epi-Jomon Period.3.Three examples of red iron oxide objects were confirmed that they had ‘tube' like construction. Each example was from the early and the last stage of the latter part of the Jomon Period, and during the Cultural Period of the epi-Jonmon Culture in Hokkaido.4.The thickness of the red film was around 10-15 μ m in the thinnest example. On the other hand, the thickness in some concave layers reached around 800 μ m of the red iron oxide.5.The use of during techniques found in the layering of the coloring material was found, for example, there are three examples of concave sinking areas using a two layer application. In either case, they exceed the thickness of the layer found on the smooth parts. There are some examples of an undercoat using red iron oxide with the last coating cinnabar, while other examples used a mixture of red iron oxide and cinnabar as both the undercoat and the last coating. On the other hand, the smooth parts were applied with only one layer.6.Finally from the objects painted solely in red, we did a trial calculation of red colored materials. As a result, the total volume of red iron oxide used was 1.94cc and a weight around 3.5〜3.8g.