A General Study on the Relationship between the Change and Reconstruction of the Sacred Place and Tourism

在本研究中，分析了与现代旅游业有关的各种圣地的变化方面。旅游业被认为是造成这种变化的最有力因素之一。人们想当然地认为，像耶路撒冷或麦加这样的圣地不会受到外界因素的影响。然而，现代交通的发展和通信技术的巨大创新似乎已经影响了这些神圣的地方的性质。特别是旅游业对他们产生了深刻的影响。参观罗马圣彼得广场的很多人不是虔诚的罗马天主教徒，而是世俗的游客。随着圣地越来越受欢迎，一些旅行社试图使它们对世俗游客更具吸引力。我们研究了长崎县后藤岛的平户岛，平户岛的部分地区，以研究旅游活动如何影响与Kirisitan（日本基督教的旧名称）有关的圣地。在这些地区有很多美丽的小教堂，这些教堂是基于他们从江户时代遭受严重迫害的祖先那里继承的坚定信仰。那些教堂一直是他们的圣地。最近，想要参观它们的游客人数逐渐增加。与此同时，在一些人当中，越来越多的人喜欢将长崎市的建筑列入世界遗产。由于游客数量的减少，当地政府的旅游部门和旅行社开始意识到基里斯坦遗产作为旅游资源的重要性，并开始尝试向游客宣传他们的神圣场所，如教堂建筑。然而，随着参观这些地方的游客数量的增加，当地基督徒和入境游客之间的紧张关系在一些地区发生了。我们应该密切关注旅游业如何改变他们的圣地。

In this study the changing aspects of the various sacred places have been analyzed in relation to modern day's tourism. Tourism is considered to be one of the most powerful factors for the change. It has been taken for granted that a sacred place, like Jerusalem or Mecca isn't susceptible to the change caused by outside factors. However, it seems that the development of modern transportation and great technological innovation of communication have affected the nature of those sacred places. In particular, tourism industries have deeply influenced over them. Lots of people visit Saint Peter's Square in Rome not as devout Roman Catholics but as secular tourists. Along with growing popularity of sacred places, some tourist agencies have tried to make them more attractive for secular tourists.We have researched the area of Sotome, Hirado, islands of Goto in Nagasaki Prefecture in order to examined how tourism activity have influenced over a sacred place related to Kirisitan (an old name of Japanese Christian). In those areas there are a lot of beautiful small churches based on their firm faith derived from their ancestors who were severely persecuted in the Edo era. Those churches have been sacred places for them. Recently the number of those tourists who want to see them is gradually growing. At the same time there is a growing tendency among some people loving their beauty of those architectures in Nagasaki city to be listed as the World Heritage. Because of the declining number of tourist visiting there, the tourist division of local government and tourist agencies became aware of importance of Kirisitan heritage as a tourist resource and began to try to do publicity on their sacred places like a church building to tourists. However, as the number of tourists visiting those places is increasing, tension between local Christians and inbound tourists is taking places in some areas. We should keep eye on how tourism changes their sacred places.