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Longfellow Reception in 19th-Century America : Iconization and Parodies

十九世纪美国的朗费罗招待会:偶像化与戏仿

基本信息

批准号：
15520139
负责人：
SAWAIRI Yoji
金额：
$ 0.7万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15520139/
关键词：
Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth American Popular Poetry American Popular Culture Phoebe Cary Parody "A Psalm of Life"Clarence Budington Kelland American Print Culture ハツチンソン・ファミリー Excelsior アメリカ大衆音楽ロングフェロー、ヘンリー・ワーズワースビーケアリー、フィービー

项目摘要

This research project has been pursued for two objectives. The first is to collect parodies of Longfellow's poems to analyze how parodists take advantage of the characteristics of his works. By examining parodies, this study has revealed that many parodists are acute critics who can pick up Longfellow's subtle peculiarities. At the same time, it has become apparent that not all parodies are intended to make fun of the popular poet Some parodists, like Bayard Taylor, are close friends of Longfellow's. It seems that they attempt to learn the secrets of his poetry by emulating his poems. Also, a special attention has been paid to a female poet Phoebe Cary. Her parodies show that contrary to the prevalent notion that parodists claim nothing except for demolishing their originals by partial modification, she uses parodies as a means to express a contention. In her case, she maintains that women should not flee from reality but get involved tactically with life.The other aim of this research is to examine how Longfellow became idolized in his time by studying what are called ephemerae concerning the popular poet For instance, this study has investigated diaries that quote passages from Longfellow's poetry. They were often used as gift books, which, in the nineteenth century, served like today's greeting cards. These ephemerae helped reproduce Longfellow's popularity. Also this research has found Clarence Budington Kelland, a neglected popular novelist of the early 20th century, significant in the history of Longfellow criticism. Kelland wrote a novel "Opera Hat," whose protagonist is named Longfellow. This study indicates that Kelland idealizes a homogeneous culture like that of nineteenth century America in which culture was not stratified between high and popular. Longfellow, in Kelland's novel, epitomizes this kind of culture and struggles to bring it back to early 20th-century America.

这个研究项目有两个目标。一是搜集朗费罗诗歌的戏仿作品，分析戏仿者如何利用朗费罗作品的特点。通过对戏仿作品的分析，本研究揭示了许多戏仿者都是敏锐的批评家，他们能捕捉到朗费罗微妙的特点。与此同时，很明显，并不是所有的戏仿都是为了取笑这位流行诗人。有些戏仿者，比如贝亚德·泰勒，是朗费罗的密友。他们似乎试图通过模仿他的诗歌来学习他的诗歌的秘密。此外，还特别关注了女诗人菲比卡里。她的戏仿表明，与普遍认为戏仿者除了通过部分修改拆除原作之外什么也不要求的观念相反，她使用戏仿作为表达论点的一种手段。在她的案例中，她认为女性不应该逃避现实，而应该有策略地参与生活。本研究的另一个目的是通过研究关于流行诗人朗费罗的所谓短暂性来考察朗费罗在他那个时代是如何成为偶像的。它们经常被用作礼品书，在世纪，就像今天的贺卡一样。这些短暂的经历帮助重现了朗费罗的声望。本文还发现，世纪初被忽视的通俗小说家克拉伦斯·巴丁顿·凯兰在朗费罗批评史上具有重要意义。凯兰写了一部小说《歌剧帽》，主人公名叫朗费罗。这项研究表明，凯兰理想化的同质文化，如世纪的美国，在文化之间没有分层的高和流行。在凯兰的小说中，朗费罗是这种文化的缩影，他努力将这种文化带回20世纪初的美国。