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The Historical and Prehistoric research on the Khoisan Kinship terminology.

科伊桑族亲属术语的历史和史前研究。

基本信息

批准号：
15520268
负责人：
ONO Hitomi
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
Reitaku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15520268/
关键词：
Khoisan kinship terminology history

项目摘要

1.I found that there are two facts systematically related to the anomalous kinship categorization, "split nuncle pattern (F=FyB≠FeB=MB). That is, a marriage rule which controls how to get married to siblings ; and a rule how to determine the senior/junior position among parallel cousins and half siblings. I classified the neighboring communities to the G/ui group that has the "split nuncle pattern" (namely, G/ui. G//ana, Tsera, and =Hoa〜)by whether they have these two rules or not, and speculated about how to the ordinary "Iroquois" pattern can change into the split nuncle pattern.2.I investigated the grammatical behavior of G/ui kinship terms and found that there are two types of them. The one type is nomino-verbal, used as terms of reference, used in teknonymy, and does not lexicalize sex distinctions. This type is regarded more basic to the system, and is not easily replaced with any loan words. The other type is only nominal, used as terms of address, does lexicalize sex distinctions, and is often loan word. I then argued that this grammatical difference can serve as a criterion for distinguishing original Central Khoisan kinship terms from newly borrowed ones, which naturally leads to the reconsideration of the "older" Central Khoisan kinship system.3.I collected various old and new Khoisan data : From dictionaries, I picked up kinship terms and their grammatical and semantic information ; from texts, I extracted sentences containing kinship terms ; and from anthropological studies which show kinship systems I collected kinship terms and descriptions about kinship behaviors. Based on all these data I made up new lists, tables, and figures on kinship terminology of each language community. With these data, I examine the sporadically reported verbal behaviors of Central Khoisan kinship terms ; and I found that joking class have accepted more loan words and changed than avoidance class. On these topics, I am still in the process of writing up articles.

1.我发现有两个事实与异常亲属关系分类系统相关，即“断骨模式（F=FyB≠FeB=MB）”，即控制如何与兄弟姐妹结婚的婚姻规则；以及如何确定平行表兄弟姐妹和同父异母兄弟姐妹之间的长/小地位的规则。我将邻近社区分类为具有“断骨模式”的G/ui组（即G/ui.G//ana、Tsera、=Hoa〜）通过它们是否具有这两条规则，推测普通的“Iroquois”模式如何转变为split nuncle模式。 2.我研究了G/ui亲属词的语法行为，发现它们有两种类型。一种类型是名词动词，用作职权范围，用于技术名词，并且不将性别差异词汇化。这种类型对于系统来说比较基础，不容易被任何外来词取代。另一种类型只是名义性的，用作称呼语，将性别区别词汇化，并且通常是外来词。然后我认为，这种语法差异可以作为区分原始中央科伊桑亲属称谓和新借用的亲属称谓的标准，这自然会导致对“旧”中央科伊桑亲属关系术语的重新考虑。科伊桑亲属制度。3.我收集了各种新旧科伊桑数据：从词典中，我拾取了亲属术语及其语法和语义信息；从文本中，我提取了包含亲属关系术语的句子；从显示亲属关系系统的人类学研究中，我收集了亲属关系术语和有关亲属关系行为的描述。根据所有这些数据，我制作了新的列表、表格和图表每个语言社区的亲属术语。通过这些数据，我研究了零星报道的中科伊桑亲属称谓的言语行为；我发现开玩笑课比回避课接受了更多的外来词并发生了变化。关于这些主题，我仍在撰写文章。