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Word Association Research to Describe Cultural Background of Word Meanings

描述词义文化背景的词联想研究

基本信息

批准号：
15520340
负责人：
OGAWA Sayuri
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
University of the Sacred Heart
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This study intends to clarify what is called "common sense" and the diversity which exist behind each Japanese word, and to contribute to the teaching of Japanese as a foreign language. The research method is to use a word association survey. Thirty Japanese words were chosen to induce Japanese association responses in a written form. Also, the words were put into the native languages of respondents to see the influence of native word association on that of Japanese association. The respondents were Japanese native speakers (Japanese college students) and Japanese learners of 8 different areas (college students of the U.S.A., Egypt, Italy, China, Taiwan, South Korea, Brazil, England) The data is shown on a web site, which URL is http://adelieland.com/rensou/rensou.htmIn addition to the association survey, we conducted an empathy test, which is to see whether respondents can understand and have empathy with the association of others that are completely different from their own.Three-yea … More r survey showed that learners of the Japanese language acquire not only linguistic knowledge of the Japanese language, but also cultural background behind the language, in other words, form socio-cultural knowledge about Japan.As a result of the three-year survey, we temporarily conclude that there is a considerable degree of commonness among cultural elements in word meanings, whether the languages are different or not. The conclusion is based on the fact that we found much commonness among the associations of native and non-native speakers of the Japanese language. And, yet, when the associations of both parties are different, learners tend to feel the difficulty in analogizing the difference of phenomena, or real world. That can lead to communication breakdowns. The existence of difference in the association among some word groups would be a useful information for learners of a second language. That will develop the students' awareness of their own cultural literacy (intercultural competence toward other cultures). Also, we propose to emphasize an approach to emphasize the process of acquiring cultural knowledge through experiences in the teaching of the Japanese language. Less

本研究旨在厘清何谓“常识”，以及每个日语词汇背后所存在的差异性，并对日语作为外语的教学有所贡献。研究方法是采用词汇联想调查法。选择30个日语单词，以书面形式诱导日语联想反应。此外，还将这些词放入被调查者的母语中，以了解母语词联想对日语联想的影响。受访者是以日语为母语的人（日本大学生）和8个不同地区的日语学习者（美国大学生，埃及、意大利、中国、中国台湾、韩国、巴西、英国）数据显示在一个网址为http://adelieland.com/rensou/rensou.htmIn的网站上。除了联想调查之外，我们还进行了一项同理心测试，看看受访者是否能理解和同情与自己完全不同的他人的联想。 ...更多信息调查结果显示，日语学习者不仅掌握了日语的语言知识，而且还掌握了日语背后的文化背景，即形成了关于日本的社会文化知识。根据为期三年的调查结果，我们可以暂时得出结论，无论语言是否不同，词义中的文化因素都具有相当程度的共性。这一结论是基于这样一个事实：我们发现日语母语者和非母语者的联想有很多共性。然而，当双方的联想不同时，学习者往往感到难以类比现象或真实的世界的差异。这可能会导致沟通中断。某些词组之间的联想存在差异，这对第二语言学习者来说是一个有用的信息。这将培养学生对自身文化素养的认识（对其他文化的跨文化能力）。此外，我们建议在日语教学中强调通过经验获得文化知识的过程。少