Research on International Conventions in Criminal Matters and Domestic Legislation

本研究旨在分析国际刑事公约与与之相对应的国内立法之间的关系。《联合国禁止非法贩运麻醉药品公约》和《麻醉药品专门法》规定了对洗钱行为的惩罚，并规定了没收非法贩运麻醉药品非法资产的广泛措施。《联合国打击跨国有组织犯罪公约》和《惩治有组织犯罪法》将此类措施扩大到其他重大犯罪。关于对外国公职人员主动行贿的处罚，存在《经合组织打击外国行贿公约》。为了批准该公约，对《防止不正当竞争法》进行了修订。关于《制止向恐怖主义提供资助的国际公约》，颁布了一部新的国内法。关于网络犯罪，欧洲委员会有《关于网络犯罪的公约》。在这方面，已向国会提交了修订《刑法》的法案草案。《联合国反腐败公约》于2002年修订。该公约规定了B国如存在被A国公职人员盗窃的非法资产，将其没收并归还给A国的措施(资产追回)。

This research concerns an analysis of the relationship between international conventions in criminal matters and domestic legislation corresponding to them. The UN Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs, and the Specific Act on Narcotic Drugs stipulate the punishment of money laundering and extensive measures to confiscate illegal assets derived from illicit traffic in narcotic drugs. The UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the Act on the Punishment of Organized Crime extend such measures to other significant offenses. Regarding the punishment of active bribery to foreign public officials, there exists the OECD Convention on Combating Foreign Bribery. In order to ratify this Convention, the Unfair Competition Prevention Act was revised. Concerning the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism, a new domestic Law was enacted. Regarding cybercrime, there exists the Convention on Cybercrime of the Council of Europe. In this connection a draft Act to revise the Penal Code has been submitted to the Diet. The UN Convention against Corruption was adapted in 2002. This Convention stipulates the measures for a country B, where exist illegal assets stolen by a public official of country A, to confiscate and return them to country A (asset recovery).