A dynamic study of trade policy : the formation and development of protective trade policy

这项研究的主要主题是研究内生贸易政策的形成，它捕捉到了日本商业和政治文化的关键方面。这些贸易政策是自由贸易和进口关税构成方面的保护。我们分析了所描绘的文化特质的影响，并表明文化特质是贸易政策形成的重要决定因素，特别是两种文化的复杂互动对政策结果具有显着影响。将我们的模型的行为与日本政治的风格化事实进行对比，我们得出的结论是，该模型的行为与日本政客在过去50年中所观察到的(贸易)政策立场是一致的。基本模型为动态内生贸易政策形成模型，利用对中国日本企业的问卷调查数据，实证检验了知识产权保护对当地非法模仿的影响。没有证据表明专利和商标注册是知识产权保护制度的一部分，具有保护作用。相反，研究结果表明，专利商标注册制度可能对当地的非法模仿起到了促进作用，并可能促进了中国的技术转移/扩散。

The main subject of the research is to study endogenous trade-policy formation which captures crucial aspects of the Japanese commercial and political culture. Those trade policies are free trade and protection in terms of import tariff formations. We analyze the influence of the portrayed cultural traits and show that cultural idiosyncrasies are important determinants of trade policy formation ; especially the complex interaction of the two types of cultures is shown to have significant consequence for the policy outcome. Contrasting our model's behavior with the stylized facts of Japanese politics, we arrive at the conclusion that the model's behavior is compatible with the observed (trade) policy positions held by Japanese politicians over the last fifty years. The basic modeling is dynamic endogenous trade policy formation.By using data obtained from a questionnaire survey to Japanese firms in China, we empirically examine the effects of the Intellectual Property Rights protection against local illegal imitation. No evidence has been found that patent and trade mark registration, which constitutes a part of the IPR protection system, has a protective effect. On the contrary, the results suggests that the patent and trade mark registration system may play a role in facilitating local illegal imitation and may be easing technology transfer/diffusion in China.