A study of participation and environment of people with disabilities who are getting older

在本研究中，作者从2003年到2005年进行了4类研究。首先，作者于2003年采用CHIEF （Craig Hospital Inventory of Environmental Factors）评估残障人士环境障碍程度，CIQ （Community Integration questionnaire）评估残障人士参与程度。作者对日本各县3600名脊髓损伤患者进行了邮件调查。结果，共有1436份有效回复，回复率为39.9%。其次，2004年，作者利用CHIEF和CIQ对1000名发育性残疾人士进行了邮件调查。共收到有效问卷310份，回复率为31.0%。第三，2005年，作者利用CHIEF和CIQ对1860名精神障碍者进行了邮件调查。结果，共收到有效回复891份，回复率为47.9%。第四，对非残疾人进行了对残疾人的感受和态度调查。采用与残障人士互动量表（IDP）和对残障人士态度量表（SADP）评估对残障人士的感受和态度。作者对1000名无残疾人士进行了问卷调查，得到440份有效回复，回复率为44.0%。从这项研究中，出现了以下几个主要发现：1)残障人士存在物理环境障碍，而发育残障人士或精神残障人士存在歧视等环境障碍；2)残障人士虽然社会融入程度较低，但工作程度低于发育残障人士或精神残障人士；3)对残障人士的感觉和态度。很明显，年轻时接受过社会福利教育的无残疾人士比其他人有更积极的态度。少

In this study, the author conducted 4 types of research from 2003 to 2005.First, in 2003, the author conducted the study by using CHIEF (Craig Hospital Inventory of Environmental Factors) to evaluate the level of barrier of environment of people with disabilities and CIQ (Community Integration Questionnaires) to assess the extent of participation of people with disabilities. The author conducted a mail survey of 3,600 people with spinal cord injury who every prefecture in Japan was represented in this study. As a result, there were total 1,436 valid responses, with the response rate of 39.9%. Second, in 2004, the author conducted a mail survey of 1,000 people with developmental disabilities with the use of CHIEF and CIQ. As a result, there were total 310 valid responses, with the response rate of 31.0 %. Third, in 2005, the author conducted a mail survey of 1,860 people with mental disabilities by using CHIEF and CIQ. As a result, there were total 891 valid responses, with the response … More rate of 47.9%. Fourth, the author conducted the survey against people without disabilities regarding feeling and attitude toward people with disabilities. To evaluate the feeling and attitude toward people with disabilities, IDP(Interaction with Disabled Persons Scale) and SADP (Scale of Attitude Toward Disabled Persons) were used. The author conducted against 1,000 people without disabilities and obtained 440 valid responses, with the response rate of 44.0%.From this study, several major findings emerged, as follows ; 1)people with physical disabilities have physical environmental barrier while people with developmental disabilities or mental disabilities have environmental barrier such as discrimination, 2)although the level of social integration of people with physical disabilities, the extent of working is lower than those of people with developmental disabilities or mental disabilities, and 3)regarding feeling and attitude toward people with disabilities, it is clear that people without disabilities who had social welfare education when they were young have more positive attitude than others. Less