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Analysing stories and metaphors used by self-help groups : An approach to solving their organisational problems

分析自助团体使用的故事和隐喻：解决组织问题的方法

基本信息

批准号：
15530380
负责人：
OKA Tomofumi
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Sophia University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In this research, I conducted interviews with leaders of parent organisations for children with intractable diseases in Japan and the US, and I analyzed the stories and metaphors that were used by these leaders. An important story that was told by Japanese leaders is the "trapped leader story, " in which the leaders described how they involuntarily assumed their leadership roles. This story might be related to the Japanese cultural values, according to which a "passive leadership style" is appreciated as much as an assertive one. On the other hand, an interesting story often told by US leaders was the "progress story, " in which their group's future was described brightly even if their past might have been full of troubles. Thus the stories told by the leaders were strongly influenced by their respective cultures. Japanese leaders often talked about their organisations as if they were their own property, whereas US leaders seemed to narrate the successes, failures or conflicts among le … More aders in terms of money. Hence in this research, the usage of metaphors of property and money were explored in detail.I also examined what I see as a new generative metaphor for self-help groups, namely "self-organisation, " and showed the potentiality of this concept by discussing its implications for theoretical and practical development of self-help groups. This is far more important in Japan, where the people have been used to traditional Japanese metaphors for mutual help that often imply mutual surveillance, hence the metaphor of "self-organisation" could be helpful in negating the cultural influence of these traditional metaphors.While comparing the metaphors and stories of Japan and the US in this study, it was very difficult to judge whether the differences of metaphors and stories used in both countries were produced by their different cultural backgrounds or by their different social systems related to medical services and non-profit organisations. Consequently, my US co-researcher and I found it necessary to discuss research methodology for studying self-help groups before comparing metaphors and stories told by the Japanese and US leaders. Less

在这项研究中，我采访了日本和美国患有顽固性疾病的儿童家长组织的领导人，并分析了这些领导人使用的故事和隐喻。日本领导人讲述的一个重要故事是“被困领导人的故事”，在这个故事中，领导人描述了他们是如何不由自主地承担起领导角色的。这个故事可能与日本的文化价值观有关，根据日本的文化价值观，“消极的领导风格”和自信的领导风格一样受欢迎。另一方面，美国领导人经常讲述的一个有趣的故事是“进步故事”，在这个故事中，他们的团队的未来被描绘得很光明，尽管他们的过去可能充满了麻烦。因此，领导人讲述的故事受到各自文化的强烈影响。日本领导人经常谈论他们的组织，就像他们是自己的财产一样，而美国领导人似乎在讲述Le…之间的成功、失败或冲突更多的广告商在金钱方面。因此，在本研究中，对财产和金钱的隐喻的使用进行了详细的探讨。我还考察了我所看到的自助团体的一种新的生成性隐喻，即“自我组织”，并通过讨论其对自助团体的理论和实践发展的影响，展示了这一概念的潜力。在日本，这一点更为重要，因为日本人已经习惯了日语中表示互助的比喻，这些比喻往往意味着相互监督，因此“自我组织”的比喻可能有助于否定这些传统比喻的文化影响。在本研究中比较日本和美国的比喻和故事时，很难判断两国使用的比喻和故事的差异是由两国不同的文化背景造成的，还是由两国与医疗服务和非营利组织相关的不同社会制度造成的。因此，我和我的美国研究员发现，在比较日美领导人讲述的隐喻和故事之前，有必要讨论研究自助团体的研究方法。较少