The Developmental Study on Teaching and Constitution of Study Classes to Facilitate Mathematics Learning

1.学习班的理论调查我们调查了三种学习班，即小班、团队教学班和能力分组班，并分析了它们的特点和成就效果。结果表明，将他们的特征融入到成就效果中并不容易。经过这样的思考，我们认为有必要制定灵活应对每个学习班的教学方法，并开发了以下的团队课和寻找相似课。小组课和学习课在小组课中，四五个学生组成一个小组，他们互相鼓励学习。这节课是一种小规模的课，如果由成绩等级相近的学生组成小组，就成为能力分组课。搜索相似课和学习课在搜索相似课中，教师首先呈现一个数学实体（数字、图形、数学关系等），然后呈现与之相似和不相似的两个实体。在这个阶段，老师让学生集中注意第一个数学实体和与之相似的实体之间的相似性。然后，教师呈现一些实体，让学生判断它们与第一个实体相似或不相似。通过这些过程，教师让学生在相似的实体中寻找相似之处。在这一课中，识别相似性的难度取决于第一个呈现的数学实体的风格，以及呈现为相似或不相似的实体的顺序。因此，可以根据学生的能力灵活处理这节课。

1.Theoretical Investigation of Study ClassesWe investigated three kinds of study classes, that is, small size classes, team teaching classes, and ability grouping classes and considered their features and their achievement effects. As the result, it came out that it was not easy to put their features into their achievement effects. Trough this consideration, we got the suggestion that it is necessary to develop the teaching methods for dealing with each study class flexibly, and developed the following Team Lesson and Searching for Similarity Lesson.2.Team Lesson and Study ClassesIn Team Lesson, four or five students organize a team and they encourage one another to learn. This lesson is one kind of small size lesson and becomes ability grouping lesson if teams are organized with students who are similar rank of achievement3.Searching for Similarity Lesson and Study ClassesIn Searching for Similarity Lesson, the teacher presents a mathematical entity (number, figure, mathematical relation, etc.) in the first, then he/she presents two entities similar and non-similar to it. At this stage, the teacher makes students concentrate upon similarity between the mathematical entity presented in the first and the entity presented as similar to it. After then, the teacher presents some entities and makes students judge them to be similar or non-similar to the entity presented in the first. Through these processes, the teacher make students search for similarity among the entities presented as similar. In this lesson, the difficulty in recognizing similarity depends on the style of mathematical entity presented in the first and the order of entities presented as similar or non-similar. So, it is possible to deal with this lesson flexibly according to the ability of students.