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Development of Micro Hydraulic Turbine Applicable to Mountain Torrents and Rivers to Coexist with Natural Ecosystem

适用于山洪河流与自然生态系统共存的微型水轮机的研制

基本信息

批准号：
15560148
负责人：
KANEMOTO Toshiaki
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
Kyushu Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15560148/
关键词：
Micro Hydropower Gyro-Type Hydraulic Turbine Hydroelectric Power Mountain Torrent Power Generation Dynamic Energy Warming Global Environment Hydraulic Energy Renewable Energy

项目摘要

We are under obligation to coexist with natural ecosystem and to cope with warming global environment, for the next leap in hydroelectric power exploitations. In such circumstances, this research proposes a new type hydraulic turbine, named "Gyro-Type Hydraulic Turbine". The rotor is composed of some blades with high aspect ratio and the turbine is suitable for shallow stream with high velocity in mountain torrents and/or rivers. Then, the turbine scarcely disrupts the natural stream and environment, because the rotating plane of the submerged rotor is nearly parallel to the stream without casings and/or penstocks. Moreover, it is not necessary to start the public works on a large scale because the generator connected with the rotor shaft can be easily set on the simple stand over the water level.The rotor of diameter 500 mm, which is composed of three blades with NACA0018 hydrofoil, was prepared to the experiments, and the main knowledge about the turbine characteristics are as follows.(1)The turbine characteristics do not satisfy the similarity laws against the stream velocity, in this investigation.(2)The attack angle to the blade changes in the rotation because the rotating plane is moderately inclined. The output can be bettered with 20% as compared with the two dimensional blade, when the blade is twisted so as to get the best lift-drag ratio.(3)The head between upstream and downstream of the rotor is affected by not only the rotational speed, namely the output, but also the blade profile.(4)The flow pattern and the pressure around the rotating blade can be predicted well with CFD, for instance, the large circulation occurs over the blade suction surface with the large attack angle, owing to the flow separation at the leading and the trailing edges.

我们有义务与自然生态系统共存，科普全球变暖的环境，以实现水电开发的下一个飞跃。在这种情况下，本研究提出了一种新型的水力涡轮机，命名为“陀螺式水力涡轮机”。转子由一些具有大展弦比的叶片组成，涡轮机适用于山洪和/或河流中的高速浅流。然后，涡轮机几乎不会破坏自然水流和环境，因为水下转子的旋转平面几乎平行于水流，而没有壳体和/或压力水管。此外，由于与转子轴相连的发电机可以很容易地安装在水面上方的简易支架上，因此不需要大规模启动公共工程。为了进行实验，准备了直径为500 mm的转子，该转子由三个叶片组成，带有NACA 0018型水翼，有关涡轮机的主要知识如下。（1）在本研究中，涡轮机特性不满足与来流速度有关的相似律。（2）由于旋转平面是适度倾斜的，所以在旋转中对叶片的攻角改变。当叶片扭转以获得最佳升阻比时，其输出功率比二维叶片提高20%左右。（3）转子上游和下游之间的压头不仅受转速即输出的影响，而且受叶片型线的影响。（4）计算流体力学可以很好地预测旋转叶片周围的流态和压力分布，如大攻角下叶片吸力面上由于前后缘流动分离而产生的大环量。