Basic research on the shear band formation by pulling out of anchor

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This research has been conducted for the following three purposes :1.The search for the mechanism of shear band formation by the pulling out of the anchor.2.The development of three-dimensional large deformation elasto-plastic FEM analysis program.3.The search for the interaction of the shape of foundation and the failure mechanism.The pulling out analysis of the anchor by the wind load has been conducted for the ground slopes of 0, 25, and 35 degrees to obtain the curves of load and deflection and the form of shear bands on the surface. The tilted ground exhibited higher pulling out resistance by virtue of the use of the post connection.A three-dimensional large deformation elasto-plastic FEM analysis program has been developed with the use of associated and non-associated flow rules. The latter rule displayed much better correlation with the experimental results.Three-dimensional analyses are conducted on the flat and tilted grounds, and compared with the associated experiments. As a result of this, the computed located zones turned out to be consistent with the experimental observation, and the variation of the pulling out strength of the anchor in association with the change of the angle of the slope. In addition, the rotation of the anchor has been observed.Last the simulation of on-site pulling out test was conducted to simulate force vs displacement curves and slide lines on the ground surface.It will be a topic in the future to arrive at more realistic pulling out behaviors through the followings : 1.The improvement of the. analysis program by the implementation of the progressive failure. 2.The evaluation of the heterogeneity of soils.