The evaluation method of auditoria with simulated sound field in consideration of acoustic perception in concert

本研究的目的是提出一种符合实际的新方法，结合主观感受的测量方法来评估观众席的声场。在暗室中利用三维模拟声场进行了一系列心理声学实验，特别是为了研究迟到声的方向性特征与感知收听者包络(LEV)的关系。研究结果表明：(1)单一方向成分的迟发能量对LEV的贡献度适用于多个方向性成分组成的迟达声音的实际情况。(2)在2.5秒混响较长的情况下，方向延迟能量比(DLR)对LEV的贡献程度按侧向、后向和头顶的顺序递增，与较短的情况相同。(3)后期开销比和反向能量比对LEV有效，其效率为…的70%~90%侧向能量比的影响更大。混响时间越长，DLRS对LEV的贡献度差异越小。(4)当用实际厅堂中测得的真实脉冲响应作为刺激时，得到的DLRS与LEV之间的关系与使用人工简单脉冲响应时得到的结果相同。(5)根据心理声学实验结果和实测的DLR，计算了实际大厅的杠杆强度，并对实际大厅的杠杆特性进行了检验。结果表明，不同座椅对杠杆的感知存在显著差异，其幅度因大厅的客观属性而异。这些都表明，DLR和LEV的考虑对于演奏厅的评价是很重要的。(6)通过客观测量，明确了舞台区域反射的方向性，以便在舞台声学主观实验中加以利用。较少

The purpose of this study is to propose a realistic new method for evaluating the sound field of auditoria with incorporation of the measure for subjective impression perceived in concert. A series of psychoacoustic experiments were conducted with three-dimensional simulated sound fields in an anechoic chamber, especially in order to investigate the relation between the directional characteristics of late arriving sound and perceived listener envelopment (LEV). The results are as follows ; (1)The degree of the contribution of late energy with a single directional component to LEV is applicable to the realistic case when late arriving sounds consist of plural directional components. (2)In the case of longer reverberation of 2.5 sec, the degree of contribution of directional late energy ratio (DLR) to LEV increases in order of lateral, back and overhead, as in the case of shorter one. (3)The late overhead and back energy ratios are effective for LEV at the rate of 70 to 90 percent of the … More effect of lateral energy ratio. The difference among the degrees of contribution of DLRs to LEV becomes smaller when reverberation time is longer. (4)When the real impulse responses, measured in actual halls, are used as stimuli, the same result about the relation between DLRs and LEV is approved as obtained when the artificial simple impulse responses are used. (5)The strength of LEV for actual halls is calculated based on the results of psychoacoustic experiments and measured DLR, and the characteristics of LEV in actual halls are examined. The result shows that significant differences in perception of LEV are found in the different seats and its range differs according to the objective properties of halls. These indicate that the consideration of DLR and LEV is important for the evaluation of concert auditoria. (6)The directional properties of reflections in the stage area are also clarified through the objective measurements in order to utilize them in subjective experiments for stage acoustics. Less