Multi-objective Supporting System for Life Cycle Evaluation and Decision Making Toward Environmentally Conscious Technology

在本研究中，我们提出了一个产品全生命周期建模的框架，并开发了一个基于Web的集成LCE元素技术的基础设施。在此基础上，采用结构功能建模方法IDEF0(集成定义零点)对产品生命周期建模进行了研究。在实践中，为了确定用XML描述模型的格式，我们开发了一个原型系统来管理与建模相关的各种活动。利用得到的模型，在产品生命周期的每个阶段，除了计算与环境问题相关的数量，如能源、二氧化碳等，还可以计算原材料、中间产品、副产品和主要产品的数量流动。此外，为了给出一个能够处理每种产品的框架，并支持与LCE相关的每个用户的各种决策，我们提供了一个基础架构，并利用Web服务架构的思想部署了系统。那个…更多的目的是让每个用户不仅可以使用评价系统，而且可以成为自己服务的提供者。此外，我们的兴趣在于提供了在关于LCE的问题求解中经常出现的元素技术如下。(1)提出了一种基于软计算的多目标优化方法。该方法具有非常灵活的价值函数建模能力，可以方便地利用传统的单目标优化方法求解LCE上的各种问题。(2)开发了一个原型系统，支持产品全生命周期设计阶段面向回收再制造的拆卸策略决策。该方法根据设计阶段给定的信息和所用产品的一定几何形状，自动确定最优的拆卸顺序，并对多目标下的拆卸方案进行定量评价。(3)将物流设计优化问题描述为一个非线性混合整数规划问题，提出了一种新的元启发式混合禁忌搜索算法。该方法将适用于与环境问题密切相关的各种问题，如处置场的位置、生物量废物的收集场等。较少

In this study, we have proposed a framework for product life cycle modeling, and developed a web-based infrastructure for integrating element technologies of LCE. Thereat, a structural function modeling method named IDEF0 (Integration Definition Zero) is employed to concern with the product life cycle modeling (PLCM). In practice, deciding a format to describe the model by using XML, we have developed a prototype system to manage various activities associated with the modeling. Using thus obtained model, at every stage of product life cycle, we can calculate quantity flows of raw material, intermediate products, by-products and main products in addition to the quantities related with environmental issues, e.g., energy, CO_2, etc.Furthermore, to give a framework that can deal with every kind of products and support a variety of decision making of every user associated with LCE, we provide an infrastructure and deployed the system by using the idea known as Web service architecture. That … More aims that every user can not only utilize the evaluation system but also become a provider of his/her own services.In addition, our interests are paid on providing element technologies that will often appear in the problem-solving regarding LCE as follow.(1) We developed a novel method for multi-objective optimization in terms of soft computing. The method named MOON^<2R> has very flexible modeling ability of value function, and can apply readily using the conventional single-objective optimization methods to solve various problems on LCE.(2) We have developed a prototype system supporting a strategic decision-making on disassembly for recycling and remanufacturing at design stage of product life cycle. Based on the information given at the design stage and the certain geometric shape of used product, it can decide automatically the optimal disassembly sequence, and evaluates the disassembly plan quantitatively under multiple objectives.(3) We have formulated logistic design optimization as a non-linear mixed integer programming, and developed a new and novel meta-heuristic method termed hybrid tabu search. The method will be applicable for a variety of problems closely related with environmental concerns, e.g., location of disposal site, collection site of bio-mass wastes, and so on. Less