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Ecological function and functional diversity of aquatic plant vegetation

水生植物植被的生态功能及功能多样性

基本信息

批准号：
15570025
负责人：
TAKAMURA Noriko
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
National Institute for Environmental Studies
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15570025/
关键词：
ecosystem function nitrogen removal aquatic plant community biodiversity denitrification Lake Kasumigaura nature restoration littoral zone 水生植物群集

项目摘要

In order to evaluate an influence that aquatic plant communities contribute to denitrification activities in littoral zone, in-situ experiment system was developed and seasonal changes of denitrification activities were discussed in Lake Kasumigaura.An acrylic chamber (1180 mm, 320 mm φ) for the experiment was manufactured. This chamber has measuring sensors for pH, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), dissolved oxygen (DO) and air temperature. An air fun and a pump were also settled. The chambers were set at the depth of 700mm of the experiment site.A denitrification estimating method adopted acetylene inhibition technique (Yoshinari et al., 1977). Two experiment sites were established : the chambers with and without vegetation (reed maces, Typha latifolia), and the chamber with and without addition of acetylene gas. Added acetylene gas was 10%v of air + liquid phase of the chamber. As a matrix for denitrification bacteria, NaNO_3 solution was added to become 1 mg L^<-1> as NO_3^- - N … More in the liquid phase of each chamber. The denitrification activities were measured for 24 or 48 hours.The use of acetylene inhibition technique was applicable to this experiment system, since higher N_2O concentration was found in the chamber with acetylene gas addition than without. Compared with bare site, high N_2O concentration was detected in vegetation site (In May ; vegetation site : 6.0 mg N m^<-2> day^<-1>, bare site : 1.8 mg N m^<-2> day^<-1>). Therefore, it was confirmed that the denitrification activities in vegetation site was higher than in bare site. The denitrification activities varied with season, with the order : Nov. > Jul. > May. >Apr. Furthermore, NO_3^- removal ratio caused by the denitrification showed in the same change with the denitrification activities. There was high correlation between the denitrification activities and oxidative-reduced conditions in liquid phase.These results suggested that withered plants played an important role for the denitrification activity : withered plants increased in autumn and winter provided available organic matter and habitats for the bacteria. It was concluded that aquatic plant communities in littoral zone were very important for nitrogen elimination in lakes and marshes. Less

为评价水生植物群落对滩海反硝化活动的影响，建立了滩海反硝化实验系统，探讨了滩海反硝化活动的季节变化。制作了实验用亚克力箱体（1180 mm, 320 mm φ）。该室具有测量pH值、氧化还原电位（ORP）、溶解氧（DO）和空气温度的传感器。此外，还设计了一台气泵和一台气泵。箱体设置在实验场地700mm深度处。一种反硝化评估方法采用乙炔抑制技术（Yoshinari et al., 1977）。建立了两个实验点：有和没有植物（芦苇、风叶）的实验室，有和没有添加乙炔气体的实验室。加入的乙炔气为空气+气室液相的10%v。NaNO_3溶液作为反硝化菌的基质，在每个腔室的液相中加入1 mg L^<-1>作为NO_3^- - N…More。测定24、48小时的反硝化活性。乙炔抑制技术适用于本实验系统，因为加入乙炔气体后，实验室内的N_2O浓度高于未加入乙炔气体的实验室内。植被区N_2O浓度高于裸地（5月，植被区：6.0 mg N m^<-2> day^<-1>，裸地：1.8 mg N m^<-2> day^<-1>）。因此，植被立地的反硝化活性高于裸地。反硝化活动随季节变化，顺序为：11月~ 7月~ 5月。> 4月。反硝化引起的NO_3^-去除率也随反硝化活性的变化而变化。反硝化活性与液相氧化还原条件密切相关。这些结果表明，枯死植物在反硝化过程中发挥了重要作用，枯死植物在秋冬季节增加，为细菌提供了可利用的有机质和栖息地。结果表明，沿海水生植物群落对湖泊和沼泽的氮消除具有重要作用。少