Studies on structural characterization and biological activities of diverse phosphogtycolipids in lower animals.

◎含肌醇磷酸糖鞘脂（植物糖脂和/或微糖脂）低聚糖探针的结构分析(1)从海洋环节动物P.ochelata中分离纯化了三个新的含肌醇磷酸糖鞘脂系列。它们的化学结构完全表征为Ins-P-Cer、Manα1-6Ins-P-Cer、Manα1-6(Manα1-4)Ins-P-Cer。(2)从7种食用菌中分离到真菌多糖。例如，从Bunashimeji蘑菇中提取的这些残基被表征为半乳糖的新延伸结构和具有共同核心结构（Manα1-2Ins-P-Cer）的支化聚焦残基。(3)从丝状真菌Acremonium sp.菌丝体中分离纯化了5种新的两性离子型鞘糖脂，并在抗毛霉素a的合子菌中发现了一个新的中性鞘糖脂家族。◎制备识别磷酸糖脂分子中寡糖和/或磷酸基的探针通过反复注射半抗原甲基化牛血清白蛋白与弗氏佐剂的混合物，在家兔中获得了抗从海洋线虫（线虫）中分离的Manα1-2 - Ins-P-Cer和Manα1-2(fu α1-5)Ins-P-Cer的抗血清。◎从珍珠贝中分离出鞘磷脂、马氏贝鞘磷脂、氨基乙基膦酸神经酰胺、鞘磷脂和脑苷，并对其结构进行了表征。这些脂质的神经酰胺部分包括棕榈酸、人造脂酸和硬脂酸及其2-羟基酸作为脂肪酸，鞘磷脂（Δ^<4,8>-鞘脂二烯嘌呤）和9-甲基-Δ^<4,8,10>-鞘脂三烯嘌呤)作为鞘磷脂。

◎Structural analysis of oligosaccharide probes in glycosphingolipids containing inositolphosphate (phytoglycolipids and/or micoglycolipids)(1)Three novel series of glycosphingolipids containing inositolphosphate were isolated and purified from the marine annelid, P.ochelata. Their chemical structures completely characterized as Ins-P-Cer, Manα1-6Ins-P-Cer,Manα1-6(Manα1-4)Ins-P-Cer.(2)Mycoglycplipids were isolated from the seven edible fungi. For instance, these from Bunashimeji mushroom have been characterized as new extension structures of galactose and branched fucose residues with a common core structure (Manα1-2Ins-P-Cer).(3)Five novel zwitterionic glycosphingolipids have been isolated and purified from the mycelia of filamentous fungi, Acremonium sp. And also, a novel family of neutral glycosphingolipids was found in aureobasidin A-resistant Zygomycetes.◎Preparation of probes recognizing oligosaccharide and/or phosphate groups in phosphoglycolipid moleculesAntisera against Manα1-2Ins-P-Cer and Manα1-2(Fucα1-5)Ins-P-Cer isolated from the marine annelida (lugworm), T.heterochetus have been elicited in rabbits by repeated injection of a mixture of hapten-methylated bovine seraum albumin with Freund's adjuvant.◎Structural elucidation of sphingolipids from pearl oyster, P.martensiiSphingolipids, ceramide aminoethylphosphonate, sphingomyelin and cerebrosides were isolated and their chemical structures were characterized. The ceramide moieties of these lipids consisted of palmitic, margaric and stearic acids and their 2-hydroxy acids as fatty acids, and sphingosine, Δ^<4,8>-sphingadienine and 9-methyl-Δ^<4,8,10>-sphingatrienine as sphingoids.