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PROPAGATION, GROWTH AND FLOWERING PHYSIOLOGY OF ENDANGERED SPECEIS ARISAEMA SIKOKIANUM.

濒危物种天南星的繁殖、生长和开花生理学。

基本信息

批准号：
15580024
负责人：
HASEGAWA Atsushi
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
KAGAWA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15580024/
关键词：
ARISAEMA SHIKOKIANUM ENDENGERED SPECIES PHOTOSNTHESIS BREAS DROMANCY 花芽分化性表現

项目摘要

A.sikokianum has a sympodial shoot with a two-year growth cycle. Inflorescence initiation occurred on the apex of the axillary shoot of the lower leaf in May. The apex initiated the spathe and spadix in succession. Floral primodia appeared on the spadix from September to October. In order to verify self-compatibility in A.sikokianum, pollen that was collected from several male plants and cryopreserved for a year was used to pollinate to the same plants when the sexual expression of the plants converted to female. Both self- and cross-pollinated spadices produced seeds, indicating that A.sikokianum is self-compatible. Dormancy of corms broke when corms were exposed to natural low temperature until middle December. Effective temperatures for breaking dormancy was 5℃. Vegetative corms exposed to low temperatures at 5℃ longer showed shorter days to sprout when grown at 20℃. Reproductive corms treated at 5℃ longer showed shorter days to flower. Potted A.sikokianum plants were grown under 28 … More , 14 and 4% of light intensity to full sunlight (100%) at an experimental field. Net CO_2 assimilation rate near saturating irradiance (A_<sat>) and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics at predawn and daytime were measured for well-developed leaves. At the beginning of flowering, A_<sat> and electron transport rate (ETR) in midday were greater in female plants than those of male plants. Both in the male and the female plants at this period, A_<sat> and ETR increased, and light use efficiency (ΔF/Fm') in the midday decreased with the intensity of growing light. No midday depression of ETR in the male plants would be partly ascribed to greater non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), a successful dissipation of excess light energy. The decrease of ΔF/Fm' in the midday recovered until evening, suggesting that chronic photoinhibition can be avoided even in the male plants with smaller photosynthetic capacity. After the flowering, A_<sat> and ETR were decreased and ΔF/Fm' did not recover in the evening. However, at the low light levels (4 and 14%), similar photosynthetic characteristics were shown between the male and the female plants and/or light intensities. These results suggest that A.sikokianum plants growing in the low light have mechanisms to maintain photosynthetic productivity irrespective of sex expressions and light intensities. The productivity of female plants would be supported by greater photosynthetic capacity at the leaf level from the beginning of shoot expansion and flowering. Less

紫金花有一个两年的生长周期的合生茎。5月，花序发生在下叶腋生枝的先端。先端依次产生孢子和孢子。花原基在9 - 10月出现。为了验证A.sikokianum的自亲和性，我们从几株雄性植株上采集花粉并冷冻保存一年，当这些植株的性表达转化为雌性时，对同一株植株进行授粉。自花授粉和异花授粉都产生了种子，这表明sikokianum具有自交亲和性。在12月中旬之前，球茎暴露在自然低温下，球茎的休眠就会被打破。打破休眠的有效温度为5℃。营养球茎在5℃低温条件下生长较长，在20℃低温条件下萌发的时间较短。生殖球茎在5℃处理时间较长，开花时间较短。在28、14、4%的光照强度（100%）条件下，在试验田种植盆栽紫花蒿。测定了发育良好叶片在黎明前和白天的饱和辐照度附近的净CO_2同化速率（A_<sat>）和叶绿素荧光特性。开花初期，雌株的A_<sat>和正午的电子传递率（ETR）均大于雄株。这一时期雌雄植株的A_<sat>和ETR均随生长光强的增加而增加，正午光能利用效率（ΔF/Fm’）降低。雄性植株的ETR在中午没有下降，部分原因是由于更多的非光化学猝灭（NPQ），即多余光能的成功耗散。ΔF/Fm′从中午开始下降，直到晚上才恢复，这表明即使在光合能力较小的雄性植株中也可以避免慢性光抑制。开花后，A_<sat>和ETR下降，ΔF/Fm′在晚上没有恢复。然而，在低光照水平（4%和14%）下，雄性和雌性植物的光合特性在光照强度和/或光照强度下表现出相似的特征。这些结果表明，在弱光条件下生长的猴头蒿具有维持光合生产力的机制，而不受性别表达和光照强度的影响。雌性植株的生产能力从芽膨大和开花开始就得到叶片水平较高的光合能力的支持。少