Mechanism and Inheritance of Continuous Light-Tolerance in Cucurbita moschata

西葫芦连续耐光机制及遗传

• 批准号: 15580023
• 负责人: MURAKAMI Kenji
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15580023/
• 关键词: antioxidant enzyme; chlrosis; continuous light-injury; expanding leaves; mature leaves; 過酸化水素; ニホンカボチャ; 炭水化物集積

In many species, plants show injury symptoms such as chlorosis under continuous light. On the other hand, some species do not show any injury and grow well even under continuous light. In this study, we examined the mechanisms and inheritance of continuous light-tolerance using tolerant and sensitive cultivar in Cucurbita moschata.Reciprocal crosses were conducted for tolerant and sensitive cultivar. In the reciprocal F_1, the degree of chlorosis expressed as chlorophyll concentration was mid-parent value. The chlorophyll concentration of F_2 from tolerant × sensitive cultivar ranged from tolerant value to sensitive value and there was no distinct segregation. In the F_3 progeny from a sensitive F_2 plant, one sensitive and one tolerant group were segregated in approximately 9:1 ratio. These results suggested that continuous-light tolerance was controlled by two or more alleles involving recessive genes.Continuous light-injury occurred only on young, expanding leaves. We hypothesized that mature leaves sense continuous light, and this information induces the injury of new leaves. To examine this hypothesis, we covered plants partially. Injury did not occur on expanding leaves under continuous light when mature leaves were covered for 12 hr/day. Continuous light-injury did not occur on the expanding leaves of sensitive scion grafted to tolerant rootstock with mature leaves. These results indicated that the expanded leaf of sensitive cultivar produced some injury-inducer under continuous light.The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in continuous light-tolerant cultivar increased more rapidly than those in sensitive cultivar. These results suggested that a rapid increase in the antioxidant enzymatic activities was involved in the mechanism of tolerance to continuous light.

在许多物种中，植物在持续光照下表现出损伤症状，例如失绿症。另一方面，有些物种没有表现出任何损伤，即使在持续光照下也能生长良好。本研究利用耐光和敏感品种南瓜，探讨了连续耐光的机制和遗传。对耐光和敏感品种进行了互交。在倒数F_1中，以叶绿素浓度表示的失绿程度为中亲值。耐性×敏感品种F_2的叶绿素浓度在耐性值和敏感值之间变化，没有明显的分离现象。在来自敏感 F_2 植物的 F_3 后代中，一个敏感组和一个耐受组以大约 9:1 的比例分离。这些结果表明，连续光耐受性是由两个或多个涉及隐性基因的等位基因控制的。连续光损伤仅发生在幼嫩、扩展的叶子上。我们假设成熟的叶子能够感知连续的光，并且该信息会导致新叶子受到伤害。为了检验这个假设，我们部分覆盖了植物。当成熟的叶子每天被覆盖 12 小时时，在连续光照下展开的叶子不会发生损伤。敏感接穗嫁接到成熟叶耐性砧木上，展叶未发生持续光害。这些结果表明，连续耐光品种的展开叶片在连续光照下产生了一定的损伤诱导剂。连续耐光品种的超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性比敏感品种增长更快。这些结果表明抗氧化酶活性的快速增加参与了对连续光的耐受机制。

项目成果

ニホンカボチャにおける連続光耐性に関連した新展開葉でのsuperoxide dismutase活性の変動

日本南瓜新发育叶片中超氧化物歧化酶活性的变化与连续耐光性相关

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: 園芸学会雑誌(別冊) 73(別2)
• 作者: 村上賢治;金原行志;桝田正治
• 通讯作者: 桝田正治

村上賢治, 金原行志, 桝田正治: "ニホンカボチャにおける連続光耐性の遺伝"園芸学会雑誌(別冊). 72(別2). 365 (2003)

Kenji Murakami、Yukishi Kanehara、Masaharu Masuda：“日本南瓜的连续耐光性的继承”《园艺学会杂志》（分册）72（分册 365）（2003 年）。

カボチャ属の葉における連続光障害誘導因子は接ぎ木により伝達される

葫芦叶片中连续光损伤诱导因子通过嫁接传播

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: 園芸学会雑誌(別冊) 73(別2)
• 作者: 村上賢治;浜本一恵;桝田正治
• 通讯作者: 桝田正治

村上賢治, 桝田正治: "ニホンカボチャにおける新展開葉での連続光障害発現と既展開葉との関係"園芸学会雑誌(別冊). 72(別2). 364 (2003)

Kenji Murakami、Masaharu Masuda：“日本南瓜新发育叶子中的连续光损伤表达及其与已发育叶子的关系”《园艺学会杂志》（单独卷）72（单独2）。