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Ecological studies on sea urchins-marine forests interactions in Kuroshio waters

黑潮海域海胆与海洋森林相互作用的生态学研究

基本信息

批准号：
15580154
负责人：
AGATSUMA Yukio
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

To clarify the effect of grazing of the sea urchins Hemicentrotous pulcherrimus and Anthocidaris crassispina on growth of the brown large alga Eisenia bicyclis forest and seasonal sea urchins - marine forest interactions, study was undertaken in a permanent site at Hinomisaki, Wakayama Prefecture, western Japan. Densities of both the species of sea urchins markedly decreased from May to July due to mass mortality cased by a large amount of freshwater inflow. Mass mortality enabled to colonize juvenile E.bicyclis and the adult beds enlarged to upper subtidals at the depth of 1 m regardless of being under warmer oceanographic condition. While, in articulated corallines beds at the depths of>1 m, juvenile E.bicyclis disappeared. Maturation size of H.pulcherrimus and A.crassispina was>18 mm diameter. Adult H.pulcherrimus in articulated corallines migrated to the kelp bed from autumn to winter when gonads were in maturation to spawningTo clarify the differences in the growth and gonad size of H.pulcherrimus and A.crassispina among algal sere, the study was conducted in July at a fucoid bed and a kelp bed in Gobo and two algal turfs in Mihama, Wakayama Prefecture. The growth of H.pulcherrimus in the fucoid bed and the kelp bed, where the large perennial Myagropsis myagroides and Ecklonia cava at the climax stage dominated, respectively, are higher than that in the algal turfs dominated by the small perennial articulated corallines at the seral stage. While, the most rapid growth of A.crassispina was observed in the fucoid bed. The gonad indices (gonad wet weight x 100/body wet weight) of both species of the sea urchins were highest in the fucoid bed. These results suggest that growth and gonad production of H.pulcherrimus and A.crassispina are affected by algal sere as reported in H.pulcherrimus and Strongylocentrotus nudus in northern Japan, although they differed among dominant species of algae at the climax stage.

为了阐明放牧的海胆Hemicentrotous pulcherrimus和Anthocidaris crassispina的棕色大的双循环林的生长和季节性的海胆-海洋森林的相互作用的影响，进行了研究，在一个永久性的网站在日本西部的和歌山县Hinomisaki。两种海胆的密度显着下降，从5月至7月，由于大量的淡水流入造成的大规模死亡。无论在温暖的海洋条件下，大规模死亡都能使幼年双环盾蚧定殖，成年床扩大到1 m深处的潮下上层。而在>1 m深度的珊瑚礁层中，双环盾蚧幼鱼消失。马蹄莲和粗刺海葵的成熟体直径均大于18 mm。为了明确不同藻系中的马蹄莲（H. pulcherrimus）和粗刺藻（A.crassispina）的生长和生殖腺大小的差异，于7月在和歌山县御保的一个岩藻床和一个海带床以及三滨的两个藻坪进行了研究。在顶极阶段以大型多年生Myagropsis myagroides和Ecklonia cava为主的岩藻床和巨藻床中，马蹄莲的生长量高于在演替阶段以小型多年生有节珊瑚为主的藻坪中的生长量。而在岩藻床中生长最快。这两种海胆的性腺指数（性腺湿重× 100/体湿重）最高的岩藻床。这些结果表明，虽然在顶极阶段不同优势藻种的生长和生殖腺产量存在差异，但与北方的一品红和光裸球海胆一样，一品红和粗刺裸球海胆的生长和生殖腺产量也受到藻演替系列的影响。