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A Study on Historical Changes in Village Settlements through Modernization of Japan

日本近代化过程中乡村聚落的历史变迁研究

基本信息

批准号：
15580206
负责人：
SYOJI Syunsaku
金额：
$ 1.15万
依托单位：
DOSHISHA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The outcome of the author's research for three years can be roughly integrated into the following four points.The first point is surveying researches on modern and contemporary village settlements in Japan and confirming the achievements of those researches, while planning the symposium ‘Concerning Communities in Modern and Contemporary Japan' for the Agricultural History Society of Japan, aiming to develop future researches on village settlements and present a report for raising questions under the theme of ‘Modern and contemporary governments and towns, villages and settlements.The second point is researches on the relationships between Farmer's Cooperative (Nokakokumiai) and village settlements. Taking up Hokkitsu Village as an example, the author introduced the job diary of the Farmer's Cooperative (Nojijikkoukumiai) during and after the economic crisis in the Showa era, together with detailed explanation to the diary. In addition, in ‘The Policy and Development of the Farmer's Coo … More perative (Nokakokumiai) in Rural Community' the Farmer's Cooperative (Nokakokumiai) is generally analyzed and the relationship between the Farmer's Cooperative (Nokakokumiai) and village settlements is clarified, based on the above research.As the third comes the research on the relationship between the municipal governments and village settlements. Through the ideas and activities of Kamezo Nishihara, chief of old Kumohara Village, Kyoto Prefecture, the author has clarified the changes in the village due to economic crisis in the Showa era, the relationships between the village government and village settlements, and the changes in the roles of village chief and administrative villages. Moreover, as a step to elucidate the condition of town mayors and village chiefs in the decade starting from 1955, the record of interviews with Hiromu Nonaka, who once served as mayor of Sonobe-cho Town, Kyoto Prefecture, was presented with detailed explanation.The fourth point is a series of surveys and researches on the present condition of ‘large-scale consolidation of municipalities in the Heisei era,' taking up the cases of Miyama-cho Town of Kyoto Prefecture and others as example. Through verifying the effects of the consolidation on regional agriculture, revitalization of villages and residents' autonomy, these researches clarified the relationships between revitalization of villages and old villages, which were administrative villages before ‘the large-scale consolidation of municipalities in the Showa era' or village settlements, new activities in village revitalization, changes in social structure in rural area including autonomy of residents and social participation of women, and connection of those new activities with development of leaders. Furthermore, methodological proposals are made with regard to problems in research on the history of rural society, on the basis of current situation in Miyama-cho Town. Less

笔者三年的研究成果，大致可以归纳为以下四点。第一点是对日本近现代村落聚落的研究进行调查并确认研究成果，同时策划日本农业历史学会“日本近现代社群”研讨会，以“近现代政府与城镇、村落、聚落”为主题，开展未来的村落聚落研究并提出问题报告。第二点是对农民合作社与村落聚落关系的研究。作者以北北村为例，介绍了昭和经济危机期间和之后农民合作社（Nojijikkoukumiai）的工作日记，并对日记进行了详细的解释。此外，在“农村社区农民合作社的政策与发展”一文中，对农民合作社进行了总体分析，并在此基础上厘清了农民合作社与村庄住区的关系。第三部分是对市政府与村落聚落关系的研究。本文通过京都市旧黑原村村长西原神三的思想和活动，阐明昭和时代经济危机导致的村的变迁、村政府与村聚落的关系、村长与行政村角色的变迁。此外，为了阐明从1955年开始的10年间的市长和村长的情况，还详细介绍了对曾担任过京都市小部町市长的野中广信的采访记录。第四点是以京都宫山町等为例，对“平成时代大规模合并市”的现状进行了一系列调查和研究。这些研究通过对整编对区域农业、村落振兴和居民自治的影响进行验证，明确了村落振兴与“昭和大规模整编”之前的行政村或村落聚落、村落振兴新活动、村落振兴新活动、村落振兴新活动、村落振兴新活动等旧村的关系。农村地区社会结构的变化，包括居民的自治和妇女的社会参与，以及这些新活动与领导人发展的联系。并结合宫山町町的现状，对乡村社会史研究中存在的问题提出了方法建议。少