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Draw of stress index of the summer hot environment by milk cattle with the global warming

全球变暖对奶牛夏季炎热环境应激指数的绘制

基本信息

批准号：
15580226
负责人：
OHBA Kazuhiko
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
National Agriculture and Bio-oriented Research Organization
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15580226/
关键词：
milk cowshed hot enviornment countermeasure of summer hot Kyushu region Stress Risk Heat balance of cattle body heat storage of cattle body 暑熱環境ストレス噴霧冷房乳用牛熱波日環境指標熱収支

项目摘要

In many milk cowshed at kyushu region, the dairy farming observed the reduction of production and quality in milk increasing the summer hot stress in summer season. The countermeasure of summer hot has generally spread to carry the ventilation fan and spray equipment. This research investigated about the temperature fall effect by the equipment of the venilation fan and spraying in milk cowshed, and analyzed by the effect making change of storage heat index in cattle body.The analysis method asked for each element about the heat balance formula of cattle body. The large difference of temperature could do the fall effect of the temperature descent with spray method.Morever, in the object cowshed, when 1g fog evaporated in 1m^3 it became clear that the temperature which is about 0.96℃ falls. If the change of heat balance factor are investigated in order to see the influence on cattle body by spraying, when spray is not being performed in daytime. The amount of storage heat by cattle body … More by spraying, when spray is not being performed in daytime. The amount of storage heat by cattle body increases gradually and exceeds 100W/m^2 around from 10:00 time. When spray was started, The temperature fell and sensible heat flux increased slightly. Since a cattle body surface side, got very wet latent heat flux increased greatly, and although the amount of storage heat fell till around 60W/m^2, it was still under summer hot environment. The simulation was carried out in order to investigate the conditions for leading the storage heat by spray method and the ventilation fan method of an object cowshed to the optimal environment used as 0W/m^2. By controlling the amount of evaporation and wind velocity 4m/s, the evironmental range which can be led to the optimal state is narrow, and cannot be led to the optimal state under summer hot environment. The strong wind which draws the optimal wind velocity controlling the temperature and relative humidity required in a place which are not spraying, and the influence of a strong wind becomes control feeding management with an problem. Then, it is found that change how to apply the wind to cattle body and how to scatter spray, and a wind hits three fourths of cattle body, carry out the case where it is made to get wet for fog further to assumption, and temperature corresponds to the optimal environment to 38℃ by the case of 60% of relative humidity and wind velocity 4m/s. Less

在九州地区的许多奶牛场，奶牛的产量和质量在夏季下降，增加了夏季的炎热胁迫。夏季炎热的对策已普遍蔓延到携带通风机和喷雾设备。本研究考察了在牛棚内采用通风风机和喷淋设备对奶牛降温效果的影响，并分析了对奶牛体内储热指数变化的影响。该分析方法要求得到牛体内各元素的热平衡公式。较大的温差会造成喷雾降温的下降效果。此外，在物体的牛棚中，当1g雾在1m^3中蒸发时，可以清楚地看到温度约为0.96℃。为了观察喷淋对牛体的影响，在白天不喷淋的情况下，考察热平衡因子的变化。在白天不喷淋时，更多的是通过喷淋来储存热量。牛体蓄热量逐渐增加，从10:00左右开始超过100W/m^2。喷淋后，温度下降，感热通量略有增加。由于牛体表侧面非常潮湿，潜热通量大大增加，虽然蓄热量下降到60W/m^2左右，但仍处于夏季高温环境下。针对某目标牛棚采用喷雾法和通风机法将蓄热引导至0W/m^2最优环境的条件进行了仿真研究。通过控制蒸发量和风速4m/s，可导致最优状态的环境范围较窄，在夏季高温环境下不能导致最优状态。在不喷淋的地方，抽到最佳风速的强风控制所需的温度和相对湿度，强风的影响成为控制饲喂管理的一个难题。然后，发现改变风对牛体的施风方式和喷淋方式，有风吹到牛体的四分之三处，进一步进行湿雾情况的假设，在相对湿度60%、风速4m/s的情况下，温度对应于38℃的最优环境。少