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activated sludge produced during waste water treatments

废水处理过程中产生的活性污泥

基本信息

批准号：
15580301
负责人：
SUNAIRI Michio
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
Nihon University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Since domestic wastewater could be contained pathogenic enteric viruses released from infected persons the knowledge of the viral behavior in wastewater purifying process is important : it is, however, still poorly understood. In this study, we reported that the adhesion of Poliovirus (Sabin 1 strain) to activated sludge samples taken from wastewater purifying plants and the mechanism of the adhesion. More than 10^8 particles adhered to one gram (wet) of activated sludge, and the adhered viral particles maintained infectivity for longer period of time and showed higher thermo-resistant than the free viral particles. The adhered viral particles were released by increase of salt concentration or alkaline pH buffer as infectious particles. Although the Poliovirus particles have 2 isoelectric points, one at approx. pH 4.3(major population) and the other at approx. pH 7.2(minor population), the particles adsorbed much more strongly to a cation-exchange chromatography column than to an anion-exchange one at pH 7.2 and chelating agents interfered with the viral adsorption to activated-sludge samples, suggesting that activated sludge adsorbed the viral particles mainly through electrostatic interaction, acting as a cation-exchange adsorbent, and that multivalent cations play an important role in the viral adsorption. These data suggest that pathogenic viruses could adhere to the activated sludge by electrostatic interaction, be enriched, maintain the infectivity, and released to environments under certain conditions.

由于生活废水可能含有感染者释放的致病性肠道病毒，因此了解废水净化过程中的病毒行为非常重要：然而，人们对此仍知之甚少。在本研究中，我们报道了脊髓灰质炎病毒（Sabin 1 株）对废水净化厂活性污泥样品的粘附及其粘附机制。一克（湿）活性污泥上附着超过10^8个颗粒，附着的病毒颗粒能更长时间地保持感染性，并且比游离的病毒颗粒表现出更高的耐热性。通过增加盐浓度或碱性pH缓冲液将粘附的病毒颗粒释放为传染性颗粒。尽管脊髓灰质炎病毒颗粒有 2 个等电点，其中一个约为 1。 pH 值 4.3（主要人群），其他约为 4.3。 pH 7.2（少数群体）时，阳离子交换色谱柱对颗粒的吸附比 pH 7.2 时阴离子交换色谱柱的吸附力强得多，并且螯合剂干扰病毒对活性污泥样品的吸附，表明活性污泥主要通过静电相互作用吸附病毒颗粒，充当阳离子交换吸附剂，并且多价吸附剂主要通过静电相互作用吸附病毒颗粒。阳离子在病毒吸附中起重要作用。这些数据表明，病原病毒可以通过静电相互作用粘附在活性污泥上，富集，保持感染性，并在一定条件下释放到环境中。