Development of Microbial Enzyme which separates Cadmium from Marine Wastes

开发从海洋废物中分离镉的微生物酶

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    15580304
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 1.73万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    日本
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
  • 财政年份:
    2003
  • 资助国家:
    日本
  • 起止时间:
    2003 至 2004
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Dumping of scallop hepatopancreas and squid liver, a waste of scallop and squid processing, has become a serious problem in Hokkaido. These tissues contain a large amount of cadmium, which is a toxic heavy metal. Microbial removal of cadmium from a homogenate of hepatopancreas, was examined to use this waste for value-added protein resources. Hepatopancreas tissues were digested (solubilized) by the various market proteases. Yield of solubilization of the organ in one protease treatment was 83%. During cultivation of the strain Xanthomonas sp. UR No.2 in the homogenate of hepatopancreas digested by the proteases, 96.0% of cadmium was removed. That is, these enzyme and organism are effective for the removal of cadmium from the protease treated homogenate of hepatopancreas.Microorganisms were screened on the basis of the ability to grown in the medium with scallop hepatopancreas or squid liver as a carbon and nitrogen sources by enrichment culture. Enrichment culture from soil and activated sludge yielded eight different bacteria. Soil bacteria isolated were assayed by protease activity of culture supernatant with model experiment. One soil isolate has high extracellular protease activity, resulting in an enhancement of solubilization of protein of scallop hepatopancreas and squid liver tissues.Solubilization of testis (gonad), a waste of scallop processing, is required from the viewpoint of the preparation of value-added protein resources. Microorganisms were screened on the basis of the ability to grow in the medium with scallop testis as a carbon and nitrogen sources by enrichment culture. One soil isolate, has high extracellular protease activity, resulting in an enhancement of solubilization of scallop testis tissues.
扇贝肝胰脏和鱿鱼肝的倾倒是扇贝和鱿鱼加工过程中的浪费,已成为北海道的一个严重问题。这些组织含有大量的镉,这是一种有毒的重金属。研究人员检查了微生物从肝胰腺匀浆中去除镉的方法,以将这种废物用于增值蛋白质资源。肝胰腺组织被各种市售蛋白酶消化(溶解)。一种蛋白酶处理中器官的溶解率为83%。在菌株黄单胞菌的培养过程中。 UR No.2肝胰腺匀浆经蛋白酶消化后,镉去除率达96.0%。也就是说,这些酶和生物体对于从蛋白酶处理的肝胰腺匀浆中去除镉是有效的。通过富集培养,根据在以扇贝肝胰腺或鱿鱼肝作为碳源和氮源的培养基中生长的能力来筛选微生物。土壤和活性污泥的富集培养产生了八种不同的细菌。通过模型实验,通过培养上清液的蛋白酶活性测定分离的土壤细菌。一种土壤分离物具有较高的细胞外蛋白酶活性,从而增强了扇贝肝胰腺和鱿鱼肝组织蛋白质的溶解。从制备高附加值蛋白质资源的角度来看,需要溶解扇贝加工过程中的废物睾丸(性腺)。通过富集培养,以扇贝精巢为碳源和氮源的培养基中生长能力为基础,筛选微生物。一种土壤分离物具有高细胞外蛋白酶活性,从而增强扇贝睾丸组织的溶解性。

项目成果

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