Association of allergic disorders and FOXP3, the responsible gene for X-linked autoimmunity-allergic disregulation syndrome (XLAAD).

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1.Allergen-specific helper T-cell response in patients with cow's milk allergyBy using carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) dilution assay, both cow's milk protein (CMP)-specific T-cell proliferation and cytokine production were analyzed simultaneously in children with cow's milk allergy (CMA). Significant differences of both CMP-specific CD4+ cell proliferation and TH1/TH2 cytokine production between CMA and non-allergic children were observed. While the proliferative responses of children who recently outgrew CMA were not significantly different from those of patients, the patterns of cytokine production were similar to those of non-allergic children. Proliferation of CD4+IL-10+ regulatory T cell was not different between CMA and non-allergic children.2.An association study between the FOXP3 gene and allergic disorders.A microsatellite polymorphisms, (GT)n, located on intron zero of FOXP3 gene was analysed by ABI PRISM 3100 Genetic Analyzer and an association study between the FOXP3 gene and food allergy were performed. The (GT)_<16> allele showed a significantly lower frequency in patients with food anaphylasxis than in controls, suggesting the possibility that FOXP3 gene may affect severity of food allergy.