A vision of Nursing University Graduates in their Early Career Period and Role of the employers

目的：本研究的目的是：1)定义近期大学毕业生如何看待临床经验作为他们的职业以及他们如何找到他们的职业锚；2)确定影响他们职业愿景的因素。方法：对13名具有1 ~ 4年临床经验的专科毕业护士进行访谈。采用扎根理论的定性分析方法对数据进行分析。在他们同意的情况下，采访被录了下来，并进行了文字记录。访谈分为三个阶段：1)选择四年制大学的原因，2)从大学入学到职业决定的过程，3)工作环境的经历。结果与讨论：定性分析的结果发现了4个常见的因素：自尊的丧失、自尊的恢复、寻求独立和职业目标的建立。并指出了三种类型的职业锚，如1)技术/功能能力，2)自主/独立，3)生活方式。其中，1)技术/功能能力是主要类型，所有受访者都希望有时间和经验作为独立的卫生保健专业人员履行临床职责。早退是应届大学毕业生普遍存在的问题。根据本研究的结果，毕业生需要时间和经验来适应工作环境。在没有足够的支持系统的情况下，雇主应该小心要求临床能力，因为最近的毕业生可能会感到失败而辞职。本研究发表于美国南加州护理研究会议第十届联合会议。2005

Purposes :The purpose of this research were 1) to define how recent college graduates thought about clinical experiences as their profession and how they find their career anchor, and 2) to identify influencing factors in regards to their career visions.Methods :We conducted interviews and collected from 13 college graduated nurses who had 1 to 4 years clinical experiences. The data was analyzed by using qualitative analysis with a grounded theory approach. The interview was recorded with their consent, and transcribed. The interview was divided three phases as follow ; 1) the reason for select four-year college, 2) the process from entrance of a college to career decision, 3) experiences from working environment.Results & Discussions :The results of qualitative analysis detected 4 common factors : a loss of self-esteem, recovery of self-esteem, seeking independency, and building of career goals. And also indicated three type of career anchors such as 1) Technical/Functional competence, 2) Autonomy/Independence, 3) Lifestyle. Among these, 1) Technical/Functional competence was major type and all interviewees sought time and experience to perform clinical duties as an independent health care professional.Early termination of work is a problem among recent university graduates. Based on the results of this study, the graduates need time and experience to adopt to work environment. The employers should be careful in demanding clinical competency without an adequate support system, since the recent graduates might feel failure and quit their job.This research presented at TENTH JOINT SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CHAPTERS NURSING RESEARCH CONFERENCE, USA. 2005