A study on evidence-based nursing for intramuscular injection skills

目的:1。明确注射部位的皮下组织厚度，分析肌肉注射技术所需的针长。家兔肌内皮下注射药物安全性的实验研究。方法：采用超声测量注射部位臀中肌和三角肌皮下组织厚度。用皮褶卡尺测量上臂三角肌及背部注射部位皮下组织厚度。分析了各测量值之间的相关性。结果与讨论：研究对象包括174名男性和156名女性。臀中肌在男性和女性之间有显著相关性（P< 0.01），在18-64岁和18- 65岁之间有显著相关性（P< 0.01， P< 0.05）。三角肌的平均厚度男性为0.59+-0.18 cm，女性为0.71+-0.23 cm。18-64岁男性腹臀肌平均厚度为0.79+-0.31 cm, >-65岁男性为0.58+-0.28 cm， 18-64岁女性为1.05+-0.41 cm, >-65岁女性为0.76+-0.29 cm。18-64岁男性Clark部位平均厚度为0.85+-0.34 cm, >-65岁男性0.63+-0.25 cm， 18-64岁女性1.16+-0.42 cm, >-65岁女性0.92+-0.43 cm。18 ~ 64岁男性平均厚度1.05+-0.43 cm, > ~ 65岁男性平均厚度0.68+-0.30 cm， 18 ~ 64岁女性平均厚度1.41+-0.48 cm, > ~ 65岁女性平均厚度1.20+-0.68 cm。超声检查发现三角肌注射部位皮下组织厚度与皮褶卡尺检查发现三角肌注射部位皮下组织厚度与上臂后部皮下组织厚度有显著相关性。利用这些数据确定了回归公式。肌内注射的皮下组织厚度可以用回归公式来评估。皮下注射引起的皮下炎症变化比肌肉注射引起的炎症变化更严重。

Purpose:1. To clarify subcutaneous tissue thickness at injection sites and analyze needle length required for intramuscular injection skills.2. Experimental investigation of the safety of subcutaneous injection of intramuscular drug in rabbits.Method:Subcutaneous tissue thickness was measured at injection sites on gluteus medius and deltoid muscles using ultrasonography. Subcutaneous tissue thickness at injection sites on deltoid muscle and back of the upper arm was measured using skinfold calipers. Correlations between various measurements were analyzed.Result and Discussion:1. Subjects comprised 174 men and 156 women.Significant correlation were found between men and women (P<.O1) and between 18-64 years and >_65 years (P<.01, P<.05) for the gluteus medius.Mean thickness at the deltoid was 0.59+-0.18 cm in men and 0.71+-0.23 cm in women. Mean thickness at the ventrogluteal site was 0.79+-0.31 cm in men aged 18-64 years, 0.58+-0.28 in men >_65 years, 1.05+-0.41 cm in women 18-64 years, and 0.76+-0.29 cm in women >-65 years. Mean thickness at Clark's site was 0.85+-0.34 cm in men 18-64 years, 0.63+-0.25 cm in men >-65 years, 1.16+-0.42 cm in women 18-64 years, and 0.92+-0.43 cm in women >_65 years. Mean thickness at Usui's point was 1.05+-0.43 cm in men 18-64 years, 0.68+-0.30 cm in men >_65 years, 1.41+-0.48 cm in women 18-64 years, and 1.20+-0.68 cm in women >_65 years.Significant correlations were found between subcutaneous tissue thickness at injection sites on deltoid muscle by uitrasonograptiy ano subcutaneous tissue thickness at injection sites on deltoid muscle and at the back of the upper arm using skinfold calipers.Regression formulae using these data were determined.Subcutaneous tissue thickness for intramuscular injection can be assessed using regression formulae.2. Subcutaneous inflammatory changes caused by subcutaneous injection of the drug were found to be more severe than those caused by intramuscular injection.