Carbon and energy flow in the soil microbiome – functional groups, activity and interactions in trophic networks

土壤微生物组中的碳和能量流 â 营养网络中的功能组、活动和相互作用

• 批准号: 465081540
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Liliane Rueß
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsgruppe Ökologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/465081540?language=en
• 关键词: Carbon; energy; flow; soil; microbiome

Soil ecosystems are driven by carbon (C), nutrient and energy flows, which are essential for biogeochemical cycles. In particular, the organisms in the soil microbiome are channeling these fluxes. However, only few attempts were made to link microbial traits and functional groups of faunal grazers to heat and CO2 production (i.e. thermodynamics). The major goal of the SPP “SoilSystems” is to integrate energy-based descriptions with biotic interactions to gain a systemic concept for turnover processes in soil. Within this framework the proposed project will assess C and energy flux in the soil microbiome with the focus on trophic networks. The structure and function of the micro-food web will be assigned using nematodes as model group. Their metabolic footprints serve as trait based measurement for production and grazing activity of higher trophic levels. With their high abundance as well as species and trophic diversity nematodes form a key group in microbial-faunal interactions. Three major questions will be addressed by the project: (1) What is the impact of different functional groups of grazers as well as their interactions (e.g. resource competition, intraguild predation) on the C and energy flux in the bacterial and fungal channel? (2) How does the soil environment (i.e. soil type, soil organic matter content, substrate, moisture, temperature) affect grazer diversity and activity, and the C flux to higher trophic levels? (3) What role play microorganisms in the gut of faunal grazers for C allocation from resources and do they form a “hidden” C channel? Together with collaborating projects, a combination of PLFA-, DNA- and Protein-SIP (Stable Isotope Probing) as well as metagenomics will be performed, providing an exceptional level of detail on the identities, succession and functional niche partitioning of key microbiome members in the detritusphere. Overall, the proposed project will deliver a systemic view on the processes in the micro-food web, relating C turnover (pathways) and changes in energy (heat production) and to the microbiome (activity, functional groups, trophic interactions).

土壤生态系统是由碳、养分和能量流驱动的，它们对土壤地球化学循环至关重要。特别是，土壤微生物组中的有机体正在引导这些通量。然而，只有很少的尝试，以联系微生物性状和功能群的动物群食草动物的热量和二氧化碳的生产（即热力学）。SPP“SoilSystems”的主要目标是将基于能量的描述与生物相互作用相结合，以获得土壤周转过程的系统概念。在此框架内，拟议的项目将评估土壤微生物组中的碳和能量通量，重点是营养网络。以线虫为模型动物，对微食物网的结构和功能进行了研究。它们的代谢足迹作为基于性状的测量生产和放牧活动的更高的营养水平。线虫的高丰度以及物种和营养多样性构成了微生物-区系相互作用中的一个关键类群。本项目将解决三个主要问题：（1）食草动物的不同功能群及其相互作用（如资源竞争、群内捕食）对细菌和真菌通道中的C和能量通量有何影响？(2)土壤环境（即土壤类型，土壤有机质含量，基质，水分，温度）如何影响食草动物的多样性和活动，以及C通量到更高的营养级？(3)食草动物肠道微生物在碳资源分配中起着什么样的作用？它们是否形成了一个“隐藏”的碳通道？与合作项目一起，PLFA-，DNA-和蛋白质-SIP（稳定同位素探测）以及宏基因组学的组合将被执行，提供关于碎屑中关键微生物组成员的身份，继承和功能生态位划分的特殊细节。总的来说，拟议的项目将提供一个系统的观点，在微食物网的过程中，相关的碳周转（途径）和能量（产热）的变化和微生物组（活动，功能组，营养相互作用）。