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Significance of eye contact in medical interview : Analysis of videoed interview by medical students for five years

医学面试中目光接触的意义：医学生五年视频面试分析

基本信息

批准号：
17591216
负责人：
INOUE Shimpei
金额：
$ 0.83万
依托单位：
Kochi University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17591216/
关键词：
Medical interview Communication Eve contact Non-verbal factors OSCE Patient's evaluation Evaluation with videoed interview Interviewer's gender

项目摘要

Although eye contact is one of the most important factors in medical interview, it has been investigated mostly qualitatively. We tried to measure the rate of eye contact time during interview to explore the association of eye contact with patients' evaluation. Subjects were one hundred and eighty-seven Five Year medical students of Kochi Medical School and their interview with patients or simulated patients were measured with OSCE, Patient's Assessment Scale, and variables determined with video playback. They were total time of interview, total time of eye contact, the rate of eye contact during interview, and timing of eye contact. We trained an assessor to secure reliability of video assessment. Results were as follows :1. With OSCE assessment, over 60% of the students acquired more than average in about eighty percent of the items. Factor analysis extracted eight factors with top three of them explaining forty-three percent of the variance.2. More than eighty percent of interviewees evaluated "good" or "excellent" in the items such as greetings or eye contact, while seventy-three percent evaluated "good" or "excellent" in the item, "Felt free to talk", and sixty-two percent evaluated "good" or "excellent" in the item, "I was appreciated."3. The average of interview time was twelve minutes and forty-eight seconds and the average of eye contact was eight minutes and forty-eight seconds ; the rate of eye contact during interview was sixty-nine percent in average. When interviewer was female, interviewee put a high value on the interview with the rate of eye contact increasing, while in case interviewee was male, the opposite was true. Simulated patients put a high value on the interview with the rate of eye contact increasing.These results suggest that the effects of eye contact varied according to sex and psychopathology indicating some hint about learning of medical interview.

虽然目光接触是医学访谈中最重要的因素之一，但对它的研究大多是定性的。我们尝试测量访谈中眼神接触时间的比率，以探讨眼神接触与患者评价的关联。研究对象为187名高知医学院五年制医学生，他们与患者或模拟患者的访谈采用OSCE、患者评估量表和视频回放确定的变量进行测量。分别为访谈总时间、眼神接触总时间、访谈中眼神接触的频率和眼神接触的时机。我们培训了一名评估员，以确保视频评估的可靠性。结果如下：1.通过OSCE的评估，超过60%的学生在大约80%的项目中获得了超过平均水平的成绩。因子分析提取出八个因子，其中前三个因子解释了43%的方差.超过80%的受访者对问候或眼神交流等项目的评价为“好”或“优秀”，73%的受访者对“畅所欲言”项目的评价为“好”或“优秀”，62%的受访者对“我很感激”项目的评价为“好”或“优秀”。“3.访谈时间平均为12分48秒，眼神交流平均为8分48秒，访谈中眼神交流率平均为69%。当访谈者为女性时，受访者对访谈的评价较高，眼神接触的比例也随之增加，而当访谈者为男性时，则相反。模拟病人对访谈的重视程度较高，眼神接触的比例也在增加，这表明眼神接触的效果因性别和精神病理学的不同而不同，这对医学访谈的学习有一定的启示。