Factors affecting persistency and residual activity of herbicides in soil
影响土壤中除草剂持久性和残留活性的因素
基本信息
- 批准号:14560035
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 2.18万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:日本
- 项目类别:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
- 财政年份:2002
- 资助国家:日本
- 起止时间:2002 至 2003
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The study was conducted to obtain the basic information on factors affecting the persistency and the residual phytotoxic activity of herbicide in soil for developing the rational weed management by herbicides. The results obtained in the study are summarized as follows.1.The amount of any herbicide applied to soil was detected much greater in solid phase than in soil water at the application and the amount in soil water decreased more remarkably than in soil solid with time after application. The amount of each herbicide in soil solid was different between soil types but the amount of adsorption on soil organic matter was similar. The results demonstrated that soil organic matter was a main factor dominating the adsorption of herbicide in soil. 2.The phytotoxic activity of each herbicide was correlated with the concentration in soil water but not with the amount in total soil, except for naproanilide which was hydrolyzed to be its active compound (NOP). In case of naproanide application to soil, the phytotoxicity depended on NOP concentration in soil water. The residual phytotoxic activity differed in the soil types but the degree of phytotoxic activity was coincided with the concentration in soil water. 3.The phytotoxic activity of cumyluron and thenylchlor on the growth of Eleocharis kuroguwai or barnyaydgrass seedlings was induced by absorption of this herbicide by the absorptive parts from the soil water in the herbicide treated layer formed in the top-soil, regardless of emerging depth.These results suggest that the concentration of herbicide or its active metabolite is dominating factor for the phytotoxic activity of herbicide in soil and that the concentration in soil water is determined by soil factors such as adsorption and degradation activity on herbicide behavior in a time dependent manner. In addition, emergence depth and the herbicide-absorption parts of target weeds is suggested to be a factor determining the phytotoxic activity in soil.
为了解除草剂在土壤中的持效性和残留毒力的影响因素,制定合理的除草剂管理措施提供基础资料。研究结果表明:1.除草剂在土壤中的施用量在施用时均表现为固相中的施用量大于在土壤水中的施用量,且随施用时间的延长,在土壤水中的施用量比在固相中的施用量下降更明显。各除草剂在土壤固体中的含量因土壤类型而异,但在土壤有机质上的吸附量相似。结果表明,土壤有机质是影响除草剂在土壤中吸附的主要因素。2.除萘丙酰苯胺水解成其活性化合物(NOP)外,各除草剂的除草活性均与土壤水中的浓度有关,而与土壤总量无关。在敌草胺施用到土壤中的情况下,植物毒性取决于土壤水中的NOP浓度。不同土壤类型的残留药害活性不同,但药害活性的程度与土壤水中的浓度一致。3.枯胺隆和噻草胺对黑口马蹄和稗草幼苗的药害作用是由表层土壤中形成的除草剂处理层中的土壤水吸收部分对除草剂的吸收引起的,这些结果表明,除草剂或其活性代谢物的浓度是决定除草剂在土壤中的药害活性的主要因素,土壤水中的浓度取决于土壤因素,例如以时间依赖性方式对除草剂行为的吸附和降解活性。此外,出苗深度和目标杂草的除草剂吸收部位是决定土壤中除草活性的一个因素。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(28)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
K.Kobayashi, Y.Fuse, I.S.Shim: "Relationship of phytotoxic activity of cumyluron on the growth of Eleocharis kuroguwai Ohwi seedling to its behavior under water leakage conditions"Weed Biology and Management. 3・3. 189-192 (2003)
K.Kobayashi、Y.Fuse、I.S.Shim:“枯草隆对荸荠幼苗生长的植物毒性活性与其在漏水条件下的行为的关系”杂草生物学和管理 3・3 (2003)。
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
- 通讯作者:
K.Kobayashi, Y.Fuse, I.S.Shim: "Relationship of phytotoxic activity of cumyluron on the growth of Eleochalis kuroguwai Ohwi seedling to its behavior under water leakage conditions"Weed Biology and Management. 3. 189-192 (2003)
K.Kobayashi、Y.Fuse、I.S.Shim:“枯草隆对荸荠幼苗生长的植物毒性活性与其在漏水条件下的行为的关系”杂草生物学与管理。
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
- 通讯作者:
K.Kobayashi, Y.Fuse, I.S.Shim: "Relationship of phytotoxic activity of cumyluron on the growth of Eleocharis kuroguwai Ohwi seedlings to its behavior under water leakage conditions"Weed Biology and Management. 3・3. 189-192 (2003)
K.Kobayashi、Y.Fuse、I.S.Shim:“枯草隆对荸荠幼苗生长的植物毒性活性与其在漏水条件下的行为的关系”杂草生物学和管理 3・3(2003)。
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
- 通讯作者:
木村知美, 小林勝一郎, 沈 利星: "土壌中におけるnaproanilideの殺草性は加水分解物NOPに依存して発現する"雑草研究. 49・別. 204-205 (2004)
Tomomi Kimura、Katsuichiro Kobayashi 和 Lixing Shen:“土壤中萘普苯胺的除草活性取决于水解产物 NOP”,《杂草研究》204-205(2004 年)。
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- 影响因子:0
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N.Miyauchi, K Kobayashi, K.Usui: "Differential safening activity of dymron and fenclorim on pretilachlor injury in rice seedlings in soil."Weed Biology and Management. 2. 46-51 (2002)
N.Miyauchi、K Kobayashi、K.Usui:“dymron 和 fenclorim 对土壤中稻苗丙草胺损伤的不同安全活性。”杂草生物学和管理。
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KOBAYASHI Katsuichiro其他文献
KOBAYASHI Katsuichiro的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('KOBAYASHI Katsuichiro', 18)}}的其他基金
Analysis of allelopathic activity of itchgrass for weed control
痒草防除杂草的化感活性分析
- 批准号:
18405018 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 2.18万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Mechanism of Soil Factors Affecting on Allelopathic Activity of Plant
土壤因子影响植物化感作用的机制
- 批准号:
09660041 - 财政年份:1997
- 资助金额:
$ 2.18万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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