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Mechanism of Soil Factors Affecting on Allelopathic Activity of Plant

土壤因子影响植物化感作用的机制

基本信息

批准号：
09660041
负责人：
KOBAYASHI Katsuichiro
金额：
$ 0.32万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09660041/
关键词：
allelopathy weed management Tithonia divesifolia Solidago altissima dehydromatricaria ester soil soil water soil adsorption 環境負荷他感物質 dehydromatriaria ester 植物生理活性物質吸着

项目摘要

Many potentially allelopathic chemicals have been isolated from plants and assayed in water or sand in most studies, but allelopathic activity in soil has been not yet fully understood. The study was conducted to obtain the basic information on the soil factors affecting on allelopahic activity in soil for better weed management in sustainable agriculture, The results obtained in the study are summarized as follows.1. Water extracts and water leachates from Tithonia diversifolia plant inhibited seed germination and seedling growth and the degree of inhibition varied depending on plant species, demonstrating that this plant contains water extractable growth inhibitory substance(s).2. The phytotoxic activities of water extract from T.diversifolia and dehydromatricaria ester(DME), which had been considered as allelopathic chemical, isolated from Solidago altissima was remarkably decreased in soil, when comparred with those in sand and agar culture. The decrease in their activities in soil were due to their adsorption and degradation in soil. Phytotoxic activity was found in the soil previously planted with T.diversifolia but not in that with S.altissima. Their activities in soil depended on the concentration of them in the soil water which was dominated by soil adsorption and biodegradation in soil.3. The results suggest that the phytotoxic activity of chemicals contained in and released from plant is affected by soil factors, and that the phytotoxic activity depends on the amount of inhibitory substances contained in soil water but not on the total amount in soil.

在大多数研究中，许多潜在的化感化学物质已从植物中分离出来，并在水或沙子中进行了测定，但土壤中的化感活性尚未完全了解。本研究旨在获取影响土壤化感活性的土壤因素的基本信息，以便更好地进行可持续农业的杂草治理。研究结果总结如下： 1． Tithonia diversifolia植物的水提取物和水浸出液对种子萌发和幼苗生长有抑制作用，且抑制程度因植物种类而异，表明该植物含有水提取物生长抑制物质。2．与沙土和琼脂培养物相比，从一枝黄花中分离得到的异叶木水提取物和被认为是化感化学物质的脱氢母菊酯(DME)在土壤中的药害活性显着降低。它们在土壤中活性的降低是由于它们在土壤中的吸附和降解。在之前种植花椒的土壤中发现了植物毒性活性，但在种植苦参的土壤中却没有发现。它们在土壤中的活性取决于它们在土壤水中的浓度，而土壤水中的浓度以土壤吸附和生物降解为主。 3．结果表明，植物体内所含和释放的化学物质的药害活性受土壤因素的影响，其药害活性取决于土壤水中抑制物质的含量，而不取决于土壤中的总量。