Precision farming for crop production with nutrient cycle consideration

精准农业支撑系统的建立：研制了中频信标（Trimble AgGPS132）精准农业支撑系统。将变速动态定位精度（0.25 ~ 2.0 ms^<-1>）与全站仪（5 mm精度）进行比较。其平均值、最大值和均方根值分别小于0.50 m、1.30 m和0.30 m。作物胁迫的测定：在2^<和4 ^ 0刈割中，很难找到草高与产量信息的关系。然而，利用光谱仪（Opt研究HSR-8100，波长300-1100 mm）测量作物应力，可以预测2^<和>切口的产量分布。田间信息采集系统的建立：开发了采收现场实时信息采集系统。小型电力无线电系统的数据可以很容易地从固定点找到，尽管很难从拖拉机这一移动点找到数据。在通信系统分析的结果中，无线局域网系统是比其他系统更稳定的系统。田间氮循环估算：凹痕玉米硝态氮和铵态氮含量均低于孕穗期和青贮期的最大值。通过对堆肥和收获的氮素分析，它们对凹痕玉米堆肥的氮素响应约为53.8%。作物产量响应与土壤氮含量的半方差分析比较：产量采样面积每年都是可变的，建议今年小于7 × 7 m平方。土壤分析的采样面积，即硝态氮和铵态氮的含量，建议小于10 × 10 m平方。然而，它将有可能适用于土壤pH值样品的较大区域。

Establishment of the precision farming support system :The precision farming support system with the medium frequency (MF) beacon (Trimble AgGPS132) was developed. The dynamic positioning accuracy with variable speed (0.25-2.0 ms^<-1>) was compared with the total station (5 mm accuracy). Its value of average, maximum and RMS were less than 0.50 m, 1.30 m and 0.30 m, respectively.Measuring of crop stress :There were difficult to find the relations between the grass height and the yield information in the 2^<nd> cut. However, prediction of the yield distribution in the 2^<nd> cut was possible by the measuring of the crop stress with the spectrometer (Opt research HSR-8100, wave length 300-1100 mm).Establishment of the field informatics collection system :We developed the real-time field informatics collection system in the harvesting. The data from the small electric power radio system was possible to find easily from the fixed point, although it was difficult to find the data from the moving point that is the tractor. In the results of the communication system analysis, the wireless LAN system was more stable system than the others.Estimation of the nitrogen cycle in the field :The nitrate and ammonium contents in the dent corn were less than the maximum value in the booting stage and in the silage. Their nitrogen response for compost was about 53.8% to the dent corn by the nitrogen analysis of composts and harvests.Comparison of semi-variance analysis for the crop yield response and for the soil nitrogen contents :The sizes of sampling area for the yield was variable in each year, while it suggested the less than 7 m by 7 m squares in this year. The sizes of sampling area for the soil analysis, which are nitrate and ammonium contents, were suggested the less than 10 m by 10 m squares. However, it will be possible to apply the larger areas for the soil pH samples.