Protein disorder in crop stress adaptation

作物逆境适应中的蛋白质紊乱

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    BB/Z514986/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 53.54万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2024 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

Global climate change has caused severe weather events such as droughts and high temperatures. These environmental stresses have severe impact on crop plant growth and food security such as fewer grains and smaller crop yields. Investigating how crop plants respond to environmental challenges is a fundamental issue in plant biology research and will raise strategic thinking for future sustainable agriculture. This proposal aims at elucidating the role of protein disorder in crop plant stress responses as well as the mechanisms of action of the macromolecules involved in the underlying biological processes.Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are a group of proteins natively lacking defined three-dimensional structures. The disordered features enable IDPs to have conformational flexibility and quick responsiveness to environmental stresses, thus serve as regulatory hubs and interact with various partners depending on different circumstances. Literatures suggest that IDPs may play critical roles in plant adaptation to environmental challenges. For example, the abiotic stress-tolerant bioenergy crop switchgrass and the desiccation-tolerant resurrection grass have the highest proportion of proteins with intense disorder. Furthermore, tardigrade disordered proteins have been shown to play a crucial role in surviving desiccation. Disordered dehydrins have also been shown to protect plants under dehydration stress conditions. The precise functions and mechanisms of action are still largely unknown.To understand the mechanism of IDPs involved in plant stress responses, the structural tool nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy will be used in this study to map the conformational dynamics of IDPs and describe the mechanisms. Three stress responsive IDPs from rice and barley will be used as case studies to provide structural insight into protein disorder in plant stress responses. Within this objective, a breakthrough technology in plant cell NMR method will be developed, which will benefit general plant biologists in terms of monitoring of plant protein dynamics and interaction in vivo in both the time and space dimensions and investigation on molecular mechanism of various developmental processes and stress responses.IDPs are key triggers of liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) complexes, also known as biomolecular condensates, which allow the spatiotemporal organization of biochemical reactions by concentrating macromolecules locally. In this proposed research, proximity labeling of two stress-induced IDPs followed by affinity purification and identification of the protein components of LLPS complexes and verification of their interactions and LLPS properties via NMR and cell biology tools will address the function of LLPS in plant stress responses.Since the current IDP databases are mainly focused on mammalian cells and biomedically related proteins, this study will establish the database regarding crop stress responsive IDPs, starting from rice and extending to other crops, which will benefit plant biologists who work on crop science and stress biology.Given the increasing periods of heat and drought due to global climate change, it has become important to understand the strategies that crop plants utilize to cope with various stresses. The proposed research will provide new methods to study plant IDPs in stress responses, fundamental knowledge and mechanistic insights into plant stress physiology, and novel ideas for facing global climate change and solving food security problems.
全球气候变化导致了干旱和高温等严重天气事件。这些环境胁迫对作物生长和粮食安全产生严重影响,如谷物减少和作物产量下降。研究作物如何应对环境挑战是植物生物学研究的一个基本问题,并将为未来的可持续农业提出战略思考。本研究旨在阐明蛋白质无序在作物逆境应答中的作用以及参与生物学过程的大分子的作用机制。无序的特征使IDPs具有构象灵活性和对环境压力的快速反应性,从而充当调节中心,并根据不同情况与各种伙伴互动。文献表明,国内流离失所者可能在植物适应环境挑战方面发挥关键作用。例如,非生物胁迫耐受性生物能源作物柳枝稷和脱水耐受性复活草具有最高比例的强烈无序蛋白质。此外,水熊虫无序蛋白质已被证明在干燥的生存中起着至关重要的作用。无序脱水蛋白还被证明可以在脱水应激条件下保护植物。为了了解IDPs参与植物胁迫响应的机制,本研究将利用结构工具核磁共振(NMR)技术对IDPs的构象动力学进行研究,并对IDPs的作用机制进行描述。水稻和大麦的三个应激响应的IDPs将被用作案例研究,以提供植物应激反应中蛋白质紊乱的结构洞察。在此目标下,将开发突破性的植物细胞核磁共振技术,从时间和空间两个维度监测植物体内蛋白质的动态和相互作用,研究各种发育过程和胁迫反应的分子机制。IDPs是液-液相分离(LLPS)复合物的关键触发物,也被称为生物分子凝聚物,其允许通过局部集中大分子来时空组织生化反应。在本研究中,两种胁迫诱导的IDP的邻近标记,随后亲和纯化和鉴定LLPS复合物的蛋白组分,并通过NMR和细胞生物学工具验证它们的相互作用和LLPS性质,将解决LLPS在植物胁迫响应中的功能。由于目前IDP数据库主要集中在哺乳动物细胞和生物医学相关蛋白,本研究将建立作物逆境响应IDP的数据库,从水稻开始,扩展到其他作物,这将有利于从事作物科学和逆境生物学工作的植物生物学家。鉴于全球气候变化导致的炎热和干旱时期的增加,了解作物用来科普各种胁迫的策略变得重要。该研究将为植物逆境响应的研究提供新的方法,为植物逆境生理学提供基础知识和机理见解,并为应对全球气候变化和解决粮食安全问题提供新思路。

项目成果

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