Bioactive water powders for catalysis in biphasic systems

用于双相系统催化的生物活性水粉

• 批准号: 469188416
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Marion Ansorge-Schumacher
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Professur für Molekulare Biotechnologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/469188416?language=en
• 关键词: Bioactive; water; powders; catalysis; biphasic

The use of biocatalysts in chemical synthesis holds enormous potential for a wide range of industries as they can increase the economic efficiency as well as the environmental friendliness of syntheses. However, a major drawback is their requirement of aqueous environment to be active. Thus, compounds with low solubility or stability in water, which are the majority of organic compounds in synthesis, can be hardly involved. This project aims to widen the scope of biocatalyzed syntheses by introducing bioactive water powders as novel, cheap and easy-to-handle tools to enable enzyme application in organic reaction media. The enzymes are to be "encapsulated" in small particles within their aqueous phase. This is achieved by hydrophobic silica particles that form a stable shell around the enzyme solution. It has already been demonstrated that such particles form stable emulsions (Pickering emulsions) in organic solvents and allow a considerable improvement of the activity of the biocatalysts, especially for sensitive enzymes. However, since an organic phase is still required to obtain the emulsion, negative effects on enzyme stability during the production process and resulting inactivation of the catalysts could not be avoided. In addition, the formation of the emulsions in the organic-aqueous environment cannot be standardized. To solve these problems, employment of dry water powders (DWPs), i.e. particle-stabilized water phases produced in air, for enzyme encapsulation prior to their subjection to organic solvents is suggested in this project. Such a use of DWPs has never been described before. Thus, a thorough fundamental study on the required material properties and the effects of the approach on enzymes and their catalytic efficiency will be performed. In close collaboration of material scientists and enzyme technologists at Jilin University (China) and TU Dresden (Germany), respectively, the system will be developed towards synthetic applicability in an iterative process and benchmarked against existing alternative approaches. The best variants will be loaded with different, industrially relevant enzymes and evaluated for synthetic performance. Among others, this will include recently described (pseudo)ephedrine dehydrogenases catalysing the asymmetric synthesis of various enantiomerically pure alpha-hydroxyketones.

在化学合成中使用生物催化剂具有巨大的潜力，因为它们可以提高合成的经济效益和环境友好性。然而，一个主要的缺点是它们要求水环境是活跃的。因此，合成中的大多数有机化合物在水中的溶解度或稳定性较低的化合物很难涉及到。该项目旨在通过引入生物活性水粉作为新型、廉价和易于操作的工具来扩大生物催化合成的范围，使酶能够在有机反应介质中应用。这些酶将被“包裹”在其水相中的小颗粒中。这是通过疏水的二氧化硅颗粒在酶溶液周围形成稳定的外壳来实现的。已经证明，这种颗粒在有机溶剂中形成稳定的乳状液(Pickering乳状液)，可以显著提高生物催化剂的活性，特别是对敏感酶的活性。然而，由于仍然需要有机相来获得乳液，因此在生产过程中不可避免地会对酶的稳定性产生负面影响，从而导致催化剂失活。此外，乳状液在有机-水环境中的形成不能标准化。为了解决这些问题，本项目建议使用干水粉(DWP)，即在空气中产生的颗粒稳定的水相，在酶进入有机溶剂之前对其进行包埋。以前从未描述过DWP的这种用法。因此，将对所需的材料性质以及该方法对酶及其催化效率的影响进行彻底的基础性研究。在吉林大学(中国)和德累斯顿工业大学(德国)的材料科学家和酶技术专家的密切合作下，该系统将通过迭代过程开发为综合适用性，并以现有的替代方法为基准。最好的变种将被装载不同的、与工业相关的酶，并对合成性能进行评估。在其他方面，这将包括最近描述的(假)麻黄素脱氢酶催化各种对映体纯的α-羟基酮的不对称合成。