Aesthetics of Protestantism in Scandinavia from the 19th to the 21st century

该项目旨在分析新教对北欧文化美学的意义。宗教改革在北欧国家的全州范围内建立了几十年，新教仍然或直到最近才被制度化为国教。该项目的基本论点是，宗教改革不仅是斯堪的纳维亚政治、社会和教会历史上最重要的政治因素之一，而且对各种形式的文化生活产生了深刻而持久的影响。这些领域包括文学、视觉艺术、音乐、高雅和流行文化、文化习俗和表演。这些影响涉及内容和形式，可以用新教美学的五个原则来实验性地描述。我们可能会发现偏好1。简单性，2. logocentrism，3.个人主义和集体主义之间的紧张关系，4。一种与世界的特定关联，最后是5。对新教伦理的承诺一种文化审美观念的宗教方面并不局限于嵌入宗教背景的艺术作品（如教堂建筑，虔诚的文学，宗教绘画）或解决宗教（如关于信仰冲突的小说或电影），但涉及整个文化的审美生产，特别是当它被一个霸权教派决定了许多世纪，就像斯堪的纳维亚的新教一样。宗教和文化之间的这些动态尚未得到充分的研究：太长时间以来，文学和文化研究仍然是“宗教盲”（I。Hammar）。该项目围绕六个案例研究，涵盖了概述的背景下的重要方面。它们是以互动的方式构思的，有助于产生必要的知识来检验五项原则的概念，并在历时和共时的阐述和变化中遵循它们。在此基础上，两位哲学家将从理论上探讨新教美学的问题。作为经验丰富的学者，他们还将进行两个一般的概念研究，特别关注（a）集体形成的想象（dannelse/bildning）和（B）个人形成的形式。两个博士后项目将在历史深度分析（三）新教的痕迹在非宗教现代主义诗歌和（四）集中在不同的反项目，以新教在斯堪的纳维亚半岛，特别是神秘主义作为颠覆主导审美范式的手段。两个博士项目将涉及更具体的时期主题：（e）工作伦理对斯堪的纳维亚工人文学的影响;（f）新教美学对电影的影响。

The project aims to analyze the significance of Protestantism for the aesthetics of Nordic cultures. The Reformation was established in the Nordic countries statewide within a few decades and Protestantism is still or was very until recently institutionalized as the state religion. The fundamental thesis of the proposed project is that the Reformation was not only one of the most important political factors in the political, social, and ecclesiastical history of Scandinavia, but that it has also had a deep and lasting impact on cultural life in all its forms. These areas include literature, the visual arts, music, both high and popular culture, cultural practices and performances. The impacts concern content and form and can be described experimentally in five principles of an aesthetics of Protestantism. We might detect a predilection for 1. simplicity, 2. logocentrism, 3. a tension between pronounced individualism and collectivism, 4. a specific kind of relatedness to the world, and finally 5. a commitment to a Protestant ethic. The religious aspects of a culture's aesthetic ideas are not limited to works of art that are embedded in a religious context (such as church architecture, devotional literature, religious painting) or that address religion (such as novels or films about conflicts of faith), but concern the aesthetic production of a culture as a whole, especially when it has been determined by a hegemonic denomination for many centuries, as was the case with Protestantism in Scandinavia. These dynamics between religion and culture are not yet researched sufficiently: for too long, literary and cultural studies remained “religion-blind” (I. Hammar). The project is centered around six case studies that cover important aspects of the sketched context. They are conceived in a manner of interaction that helps to generate the knowledge necessary to test the concept of the five principles and to follow them in diachronic and synchronic elaboration and variation. On this basis, the two PIs will work theoretically on the question of an aesthetics of Protestantism. As experienced scholars, they will also conduct two general conceptual studies with a special focus on (a) imaginations of collective formation (dannelse/bildning) and (b) forms of individual formation. Two post-doc projects will analyse in historical depth (c) Protestant traces in non-religious modernist poetry and (d) focus on the different counterprojects to Protestantism in Scandinavia, particularly occultism as means of subverting dominating aesthetic paradigms. Two PhD projects shall address more period-specific subjects: (e) the impact of the ethics of work in Scandinavian workers’ literature and (f) the impact of Protestant aesthetics in film.