Development and Application of Estimation at Bone Density of Children by Quantitative Ultrasound

本研究的目的是开发一种更安全、更有效的定量超声（QUS）仪，专门用于评估儿童骨密度。在2002年，开发了一种适配器-A（F），其能够根据脚跟和脚趾之间的脚长成比例地调节脚跟位置，并且通过QUS CM-100（Furuno Electric，Co.，（香港）与适配器AOS-100（Aloka，Co.，（香港）和UBIS 3000（DMS，Co.，Ltd.）。我们比较了从上述仪器获得的数据，并确认QUS CM-100 adapter-A是最可靠的一个。2003年对41名1 ~ 6年级小学生跟骨测量部位进行X线检查和QUS CM-100评估后发现，采用8块与足长成比例的测量板，配合14 mm超声束，可获得较准确的测量数据。2004年采用新研制的QUS CM-100型骨密度测定仪对3867名6 ~ 11岁儿童进行骨密度测定，并对营养和运动习惯进行问卷调查。结果，即使在8岁的男孩和9岁的女孩身上观察到跌倒，骨密度几乎没有任何变化。10岁儿童的自我价值观呈上升趋势，女孩高于男孩。此外，问卷调查显示，骨密度与运动习惯呈正相关，与营养、骨折经历无关。同时，对6216名13 ~ 20岁儿童的骨密度进行了测定，分析了6 ~ 20岁儿童骨密度随年龄的变化，以及运动、营养习惯和骨折经历之间的关系。

The purpose of this study was to develop a safer and more effective device named Quantitative Ultrasound (QUS) instrument, which will be specialized in assessing the bone density of children. In 2002, an adapter-A (F) capable to adjust the heel position in proportion to the foot length between heel and toe was developed, and the bone density of 189 children graded 1 to 6 were simultaneously assessed by QUS CM-100 (Furuno Electric, Co., Ltd.) together with the adapter, AOS-100 (Aloka, Co., Ltd.) and UBIS3000 (DMS, Co., Ltd.). We compared the obtained data from the above instruments and confirmed that QUS CM-100 adapter-A is the most reliable one. In 2003, after the calcaneus measurement position was concurrently investigated by X-ray examination and QUS CM-100 assessment on 41 grade 1〜6 pupils, we found that the accurate data could be obtained if 8 measurement boards in proportion to the foot length of primary school children were applied with 14mm ultrasonic beam together. In 2004, the bone density assessment on 3867 children aged from 6〜11 years old, as well as a questionnaire investigation about nutrition and exercise custom, were performed using the new developed QUS CM-100. As the results, even though a fall was observed on the 8-year-old boys and 9-year-old girls, there appeared almost no any change on the bone density. The 10-year-old children showed an increasing tendency, and the girls valued higher than the boys. In addition, the questionnaire indicated that the bone density positively correlated to exercise custom, but it correlated to neither nutrition nor fracture experience. Furthermore, we also assessed the bone density on 6216 children aged from 13 to 20 years old using the same instrument, and clarified the age-associated change in bone density aged between 6〜20 years old, as well as the relations among exercise, nutrition custom and fracture experience.